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ANSTO's radioactive waste management policy: preliminary environmental review
(Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 1996-05) Levins, DM; Airey, PL; Breadner, B; Bull, PS; Camilleri, A; Dimitrovski, L; Gorman, T; Harries, JR; Innes, RW; Jarquin, E; Jay, G; Ridal, A; Smith, AM
For over forty years radioactive wastes have been generated by ANSTO (and its predecessor the AAEC) from the operation of nuclear facilities the production of radioisotopes for medical and industrial use and from various research activities. The quantities and activities of radioactive waste currently at Lucas Heights are very small compared to many other nuclear facilities overseas especially those in countries with nuclear power program. Nevertheless in the absence of a repository for nuclear wastes in Australia and guidelines for waste conditioning the waste inventory has been growing steadily. This report reviews the status of radioactive waste management at ANSTO including spent fuel management treatment of effluents and environmental monitoring. It gives details of: relevant legislative regulatory and related requirements; sources and types of radioactive waste generated at ANSTO; waste quantities and activities (both cumulative and annual arisings); existing practices and procedures for waste management and environmental monitoring; recommended broad strategies for dealing with radioactive waste management issues. Detailed proposals on how the recommendations should be implemented is the subject of a companion internal document the Radioactive Waste Management Action Plan 1996-2000 which provides details of the tasks to be undertaken milestones and resource requirements.
Assessment of the radiological health risk associated with ANSTO effluent release: including the reuse of tertiary treated sewer water and sludge and the impact of effluent entering local waterways with sewer surcharge
(Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 2002-03) Airey, PL; Domel, RU
An analysis has been made of the radiological consequences of the release of ANSTO's aqueous discharge to the Cronulla Sewerage System. This is in response to Condition 10 of the Environmental Impact Statement supporting the Replacement Research Reactor. The analysis covers the release of effluent under normal conditions, the release of effluent as part of a sewage surge during periods of high rainfall, and the impact of the decision by Sydney Water to recycle treated sewage sludge and sewage water.
Dating, mass spectrometry and nuclear science: a proposed new facility at Lucas Heights.
(Australian Atomic Energy Commission, 1984-01) Bird, JR; Airey, PL; Boldeman, JW; Cohen, DD; Duerden, P
It is proposed that the AAEC install a high-technology, multi-user facility based on an 8 MV tandem accelerator to provide new capabilities in the following fields: (a) Radioisotope dating and ultra-sensitive trace element determination in isotope hydrology, salinity, sedimentology, erosion, actinide transport and materials studies. (b) Physics studies for the development of methods of applying nuclear materials safeguards, the provision of neutron dosimetry standards, measurements of precision data for radiation interactions, and the development of new methods for radioisotope dating. (c) Development of nuclear and ion beam techniques with applications in occupational health, biomedicine, materials modification, industrial problems and other fields. (d) Special requirements for accelerator-based radiocarbon dating of geological and archaeological samples not provided by other laboratories, coordinated by the Australian National University. These primary objectives include collaborative projects with the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics (BMR), the NSW Water Resources Commission (NSWWRC) and, under the auspices of the Australian Institute of Nuclear Science Engineering (AINSE), with Australian universities and other advanced educational institutions. Existing inter-regional programs in hydrology and neutron physics would also be served by the proposed facility making possible an expansion in the scope of joint projects with other countries in the SE Asian region.
The future of radiotracing
(International Atomic Energy Agency, 2015-01-01) Airey, PL; Hughes, CE
Radiotracing has enormous potential to provide data to underpin environmental management in aquatic ecosystems. The use of tracer data to validate numerical models, improvements in data acquisition and new tracer forms provide the basis for the future of radiotracing. However, an increasing regulatory burden, reduction in tracer availability and a loss of technical expertise threaten this field of study. Standardisation of tracer approaches where possible and new work on assessing the impact of radiotracers on non-human biota are two areas that may enable the future use of radiotracers at a field scale in engineering and research applications. © The authors.
Radiotracer applications: case studies from four continents
(International Atomic Energy Agency, 2015-01-01) Jung, SH; Bandeira, JV; Brisset, P; Wörman, A; Airey, PL; Hughes, CE
Case studies are a simple way to demonstrate how radiotracers can be successfully used in the environment in addressing water resources contaminant transport and coastal management issues. This paper presents ten case studies from Korea, France, Brazil, Hong Kong, Australia, Belgium and Sweden using a variety of radiotracers including 99mTc, 198Au, 3H, 82Br, 32P, 175+181Hf, 160Tb, 51Cr(III), 65Zn, 54Mn and 35S. These studies address physical transport processes such as dispersion and mixing, reactive transport and adsorption and contaminant uptake. Traced components include water, effluent, nutrients, contaminants and mud in rivers, lakes, wetlands and coastal waters.
Radiotracer methodology
(International Atomic Energy Agency, 2015-01-01) Brisset, P; Airey, PL; Jung, SH; Hughes, CE
Methods for the use of radiotracers in aquatic environments have been established over the past five decades. The basic principles involve definition of the system or problem to be investigated, selection of a suitable tracer, design of tracer deployment and measurement systems and analysis of the data collected to address the initial problem. These aspects are covered in detail in this paper covering the current state of the art in tracer technology. New developments in the use of nano-particle tracers are also addressed. © The authors.

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