ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 7.5. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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Communities in ANSTO Publications Online

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Recent Submissions

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Residual stresses in titanium aerospace components formed via additive manufacture
(Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 2013-09-10) Hoye, N; Li, H; Cuiuri, D; Paradowska, A
Additive manufacturing (AM) using arc-wire based metal deposition has been suggested as one method to reduce the costs associated with production of titanium components, particularly within the aerospace sector. In the present study gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) with automated wire addition was used to additively manufacture (AM) a representative thin-walled aerospace component from Ti-6AI-4V in a layer-wise manner. Residual strains, and hence stresses, were analysed quantitatively using neutron diffraction techniques on the KOWARI strain scanner at the OPAL research facility operated by the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). Results showed that residual strains within such an AM sample could be measured with relative ease using the neutron diffraction method. Residual stress levels were found to be greatest in the longitudinal direction and concentrated at the interface between the base plate and deposited wall. Difficulties in measurement of lattice strains in some discrete locations were ascribed to the formation of the formation of localised texturing where α-Ti laths form in aligned colonies within prior β-Ti grain boundaries upon cooling. Observations of microstructure reveal 'basket-weave' morphology typical of welds in Ti-6AI-4V. Microhardness measurements show a drop in hardness in the top region of the deposit, indicating a dependence on thermal cycling from sequential welds. Time-of-flight neutron diffraction has been proposed to analyse stresses in both the α-Ti and β-Ti phases simultaneously as well as inter-granular strains. This study forms part of a wider investigation into the suitability of arc-wire based deposition techniques for the additive manufacture of titanium components.
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Investigation of the combustion of methane using CuO for radiocarbon dating
(Elsevier, 2019-09-15) Yang, B; Smith, AM
For the combustion of methane (CH4) gas to carbon dioxide (CO2), we investigated the use of copper oxide (CuO) as the source of oxygen, using our type 2 Micro Conventional Furnaces (MCF-II), traditionally used for the reduction of CO2 to graphite for AMS measurement Yang and Smith, 2017 [1]. Experiments showed that both graphite and CH4 can be oxidised to CO2 rapidly at a temperature at 780 °C. The reaction is complete within just a few minutes for graphite and within about one hour for CH4 gas. However, this method is only suitable for combustion of CH4 when the concentration >3% due to the small internal volume of MCF-II. To combust gases of lower CH4 concentration, we installed a gas circulation loop with additional components including 1) a novel, newly designed MCF-III with a dual tube furnace for heating 6 mm OD quartz tubes up to 850 °C; 2) a gas circulating unit comprising a miniature diaphragm pump and flow meter along with a needle valve for adjusting gas flow rate; 3) differently sized gas storage tubes and bags, permitting optimisation of the carbon sample size; 4) a water trap and miniature CO2 gas traps −65 °C and −150 °C respectively Yang et al., 2013 [2]. This system is also suitable for collecting CO2 from air at atmospheric concentrations. It also has the flexibility to assemble a specific gas trapping/combustion system to suit the composition of individual gas samples. We report on the early performance with some samples and our evaluation of the cross contamination between CO2 and CH4 based AMS measurement of a set of mixing gas CO2/CH4/N2 samples. Crown Copyright © 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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X-ray microbeam measurements with a high resolution scintillator fibre-optic dosimeter
(Springer Nature, 2017-09-29) Archer, J; Li, E; Petasecca, M; Dipuglia, A; Cameron, M; Stevenson, AW; Hall, CJ; Häusermann, D; Rosenfeld, AB; Lerch, MLF
Synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy is a novel external beam therapy under investigation, that uses highly brilliant synchrotron x-rays in microbeams 50 μm width, with separation of 400 μm, as implemented here. Due to the fine spatial fractionation dosimetry of these beams is a challenging and complicated problem. In this proof-of-concept work, we present a fibre optic dosimeter that uses plastic scintillator as the radiation conversion material. We claim an ideal one-dimensional resolution of 50 μm. Using plastic scintillator and fibre optic makes this dosimeter water-equivalent, a very desirable dosimetric property. The dosimeter was tested at the Australian Synchrotron, on the Imaging and Medical Beam-Line. The individual microbeams were able to be resolved and the peak-to-valley dose ratio and the full width at half maximum of the microbeams was measured. These results are compared to a semiconductor strip detector of the same spatial resolution. A percent depth dose was measured and compared to data acquired by an ionisation chamber. The results presented demonstrate significant steps towards the development of an optical dosimeter with the potential to be applied in quality assurance of microbeam radiation therapy, which is vital if clinical trials are to be performed on human patients. © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
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Global atmospheric composition monitoring
(Australian Nuclear and Science Organisation, 2014-02-03) Williams, AG; Chambers, SD
ANSTO's radon measurements at Cape Grim in Southern Australia are contributing to a global effort to better understand the chemical makeup of our atmosphere and help protect our planet and its people. It's common knowledge that significant changes to the make-up of our atmosphere - from both natural and human-induced activities - have had a devastating impact on our planet with even greater environmental, social and economic problems projected in coming decades. Science is doing its part on a number of fronts, including a specialised agency of the United Nations that's providing an authoritative voice on the state and behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere with world class facilities like those run jointly by ANSTO, CSIRO and the Bureau of Meterology (BOM) in Cape Grim, Tasmania.
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Adsorption at a solid-liquid interface
(Saha Institue of Nuclear Physics, 2012-07-25) Gerth, S; Nelson, A; Klimczak, M; Steinrück, HG; Weißer, M; Magerl, A
Surfactants from tri-block copolymers are well known for the reduction of surface tension or friction at an interface. We investigate the tri-block copolymer Pluronic® P123 consisting of a central part of 70 propylene oxide (PO) units terminated by two end groups of 20 ethylene oxide (EO) units (E020 - PO70 — E020). In concentrated solutions above 27 weight percent (wtp) and at intermediate temperatures the micelles self-assemble into crystalline structures. In addition we found a near surface crystallization for a diluted P123 system below the critical temperature and concentration for bulk crystallization. Different chemical surface treatments (hydrophilic or hydrophobic) influence this near-interface ordering. The initiation of crystal growth is preferred at an attractive interface, whereas no layering of micelles is observable for a hydrophobic coating. The build up of a Bragg peak at Q w 0.05 A1 observed in reflectometry provides evidence for a micellar layering at the surface. We note, that this dense surface structure is present under conditions where there is no bulk crystallization. To access the stability of the surface layer, we have studied the destruction and the kinematic recovery of this surface layer under shear. To this end we have built a cone-plate shear device suitable for in-situ neutron reflectometry. The recovery of the adsorbed micellar layer in dependence of a previously applied shear rate, temperature and polymer concentration yields a nucleation time for layer growth. In addition, the structural fidelity of the adsorbed layer system is elucidated by the integrated Bragg intensity.