ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 7.5. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

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Radiosynthesis of [123I]N-methyl-4-iododexetimide and [123I]N-methyl-4-iodolevetimide: In vitro and in vivo characterisation of binding to muscarinic receptors in the rat heart
(Elsevier, 1996-02) Kassiou, M; Mardon, K; Katsifis, AG; Najdovski, L; Dikic, B; Mattner, F; Lambrecht, RM; Hicks, RJ; Eu,P; Loc'h, C
[123I]N-methyl-4-iododexetimide, [123I]MIDEX, and its pharmacologically inactive enantiomer [123I]N-methyl-4-iodolevetimide, [123I]MILEV were prepared via electrophilic iododesilylation using Chloramine-T as oxidising agent followed by N-methylation using methyl iodide. The radiotracers were purified with semi-preparative HPLC with radiochemical yields of 80 ± 11% (n = 6). The average time of synthesis was 100 min with specific activity >2000 Ci/mmol. In vitro, the binding of [123I]MIDEX, after addition of carrier, measured on homogenates of rat atrium was Bmax = 4.5 ± 0.4 pmol/mg protein, Kd = 3.3 ± 0.2 nM while in the ventricle Bmax = 2.3 ± 0.2 pmol/mg protein, Kd = 4.0 ± 1.4 nM. In vitro, the binding of [123I]MILEV was non-specific. The in vivo biodistribution of [123I]MIDEX showed high uptake in the atrium (3.2% ID/g) and left and right ventricles (2.2, 2.5% ID/g respectively) at 5 min followed by clearance. High heart-to-lung and moderate liver-to-lung ratios were obtained during 60 min. Radioactivity in the atrium and ventricles was reduced by pre-administration of the m-AChR antagonist MQNB (1 mg/kg). Pretreatment of rats with other m-AChR ligands, pirenzapine (M1), methoctramine (M2) and 4-DAMP (M3) also resulted in reduction of [123I]MIDEX uptake with methoctramine being the most potent. [123I]MIDEX distribution in the rat heart was not significantly inhibited by pre-administration of selective adrenergic drugs. The uptake was highly stereoselective since the inactive enantiomer, [123I]MILEV, demonstrated very low myocardial retention. The stability of [123I]MIDEX was evaluated by performing a metabolite study on atrium samples which revealed unchanged radiotracer 60 min postinjection. These results suggest that [123I]MIDEX may be a useful single photon agent for in vivo imaging of myocardial m-AChR in humans with [123I]MILEV offering the potential of assessing non-specific binding of the active tracer. © 1996 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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[166Dy]dysprosium/[166Ho]holmium in vivo generator
(Elsevier, 1995-08) Smith, SV; Di Bartolo, N; Mirzadeh, S; Lambrecht, RM; Knapp, FF; Hetherington, EL
A novel approach for the delivery of 166Ho (t1/2 = 26.6 h) to tissue is via the in vivo decay of its 81.5 h parent, 166Dy-an in vivo generator system. A critical question for the in vivo 166Dy/166Ho generator system is whether translocation of the daughter nucleus occurs. The in vitro and in vivo integrity of the [166Dy]Dy/166Ho-DTPA complex was investigated and results indicated that no translocation of the daughter nucleus occurs subsequent to beta- decay of 166Dy. Biodistribution studies of [166Dy]Dy-DTPA showed that the ratio of 166Dy/166Ho in bone remains constant (+/- 7%) over a 20 h period, indicating no significant in vivo loss of 166Ho from the complex. Increasing the in vivo residence time of [166Dy]Dy-DTPA complex attached to HSA gave similar results. © 1995 Published by Elsevier Ltd
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Oxidative damage to biomimetic membrane systems: In situ Fe(II)/ascorbate initiated oxidation and incorporation of synthetic oxidized phospholipids
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2015-10-30) Knobloch, JJ; Nelson, ARJ; Köper, I; James, M; McGillivray, DJ
Damage to cellular membranes from oxidative stress has been implicated in aging related diseases. We report the effects of oxidative damage on the structure and properties of biomimetic phospholipid membrane systems. Two oxidation methods were used, in situ oxidation initiated using Fe(II) and ascorbate, and the incorporation of a synthetic "oxidized" phospholipid, PoxnoPC, into biomimetic membranes. The biomimetic systems employed included multibilayer stacks, tethered bilayers, and phospholipid monolayers studied using a combination of reflectometry, attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and neutron diffraction. We show that oxidation with Fe(II) and ascorbate caused an increase in the order of the membrane, attributed to cross-linking of the phospholipids, and a change in the electrical permeability of the membrane, but no significant impact on the thickness or completeness of the membrane. Incorporation of PoxnoPC, on the other hand, had a larger impact on the structure of the membrane. Inversion of the aldehyde-terminated truncated sn-2 chain of PoxnoPC into the head group region was observed, along with a slight decrease in the thickness and order of the membrane. © 2015 American Chemical Society.
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People, mussels, and country: using traditional ecological knowledge and western scientific techniques to Investigate human-mussel-environment relationships during the Late Quaternary on Ngintait and Latji Latji Country, South East Australia
(Australian Archaeological Association, 2024-12-03) Stringer, C; Prendergast, A; Garvey, J; May, JH; First People of the Millewa Mallee Aboriginal Corporation; Wong, HKY; Levchenko, VA; Drysdale R,
Freshwater mussel shells are commonly recorded in Aboriginal archaeological sites in the Central Murray River Basin (CMRB), on Ngintait, Latji Latji, and First People of the Millewa Mallee Country. Middens containing freshwater mussel shell are found in great number along the banks of the Millewa (Murray River) and these shells have been used to determine that CMRB has been inhabited for at least 29,000 years. Yet, so far, it has been difficult to ascertain the cultural and economic significance of this resource to the region’s inhabitants. This research aims to gain a more holistic understanding of human-mussel-environment relationships in the CMRB through the incorporation of evidence from a variety of knowledge systems and different techniques applied to two shell middens in the region: Knowledge (TEK) gained through collaboration and interviews with the Ngintait, Latji Latji, and First People of the Millewa Mallee community is combined with several Western scientific techniques. The application of sclerochronology unlocks the high-resolution climate record stored within the freshwater mussel shell itself, allowing for the seasonal climate at the time that the mussels were collected to be determined. These estimations of time-of-year of collection can provide insight into resource habits and movement of Ngintait and Latji Latji peoples across Country. Nutritional analysis of modern specimens collected throughout the year can also help us to understand whether season of collection may be linked to changes in the nutritional value of the mussels themselves. Radiocarbon dating allows for the narratives unearthed to be placed in a larger chronological context. A more holistic understanding of human-mussel-environment relationships will allow us to best interpret the cultural and economic importance of freshwater mussels in the CMRB and understand how this relationship may have changed through time. © The Authors
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Hot-pressing behaviour of Synroc containing sodium-bearing nuclear wastes
(Trans Tech Publications, 1991-08) Stewart. MWA; Buykx, WJ
The hot-pressing behaviour of SYNROC powders prepared from "alkoxide-route" precursors was studied using isothermal and dilatometrical techniques. The effects of variations in the type (with and without Na) and loading of the simulated high level radioactive waste (HLW) were examined. The calculated optimum hot-pressing temperature drops by about 10 - 30°C for each 7 MPa increase in pressure and 10 % increase in the HLW loading. The presence of Na in the HLW lowers the calculated optimum hot-pressing temperature at 21 MPa by 60 - 100°C, depending upon the waste loading. At higher waste loadings, densification of Na-bearing SYNROC is inhibited by pore formation within the pellet. There is some evidence that the densification mechanisms of Na-bearing and non-Na-bearing SYNROC are different.