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ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 8.3. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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Recent Submissions

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    Realisation of epitaxial ultra-thin Kagome metal FeSn films
    (Australian Institute of Physics, 2024-02-06) Blyth, J; Zhao, MT; Sridhar, S; Causer, GL; Fuhrer, MS; Tadich, A; Edmonds, MT
    Kagome metals, a new class of metal, have recently attracted significant attention due to their rich topological, strong electron-correlated and magnetic properties. These properties arise from the corner-sharing, triangular geometry that can facilitate both Dirac bands (massless electrons) and flat bands (massive electrons). The quantum anomalous hall effect (QAHE) and fractional-QAHE are believed to exist in 2D-isolated Kagome layers with spin-orbit coupling, leading to promising applications in ultra-low energy electronics and quantum computing. Though high-quality thin Kagome metal films have been realised, such as >20nm FeSn and Mn3Sn, large-area ultra-thin films have yet to be reported. Here, we report the successful growth of high-quality epitaxial ultra-thin FeSn films (<10nm) via molecular beam epitaxy. Structural characterisation reveals the Kagome lattice, with the expected lattice constant and correct 1:1 stoichiometry by X-ray photo-emission spectroscopy (XPS). Angular resolved photo-emission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements confirm the existence of Dirac bands at the K-points in the Brillouin Zone, where the extracted Fermi velocity of 1.3 × 105 ms- 1 is consistent with bulk FeSn measurements. The successful growth of ultra-thin Kagome metal films provides a pathway towards understanding the effect of quantum confinement on the electronic band structure, in particular, the opening of a bandgap in the Dirac bands and the realisation of novel quantum phenomena.
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    Chronometric ages for Australian Aboriginal rock art
    (Australasian Research Cluster for Archaeological Science, 2024-05-27) Finch, D; Myers, C; Heaney, P; Green, H; Levchenko, VA; Gleadow, AJM
    The Kimberley region in north-western Australia is home to one of the world's richest rock art provinces. Extensive fieldwork by earlier researchers, since the 1990's, led to the development of a detailed stylistic sequence through to date back to the Pleistocene, A key objective of two Australian Research Council Linkage projects, led by the University of Melbourne, was to develop a geochronological dating techniques to derive absolute, robust, time scale for this sequence of Aboriginal rock art. One of the techniques developed uses radiocarbon dating of mud wasp nests, occasionally found overlying or underlying rock paintings. The ages determined for the was nests then serve as maximum and minimum age constraints for the rock art. Initial results, based upon a dated wasp nests, were published in 2020 and 2021. they provided substantial evidence of Pleistocene antiquity for the two oldest phases of painted rock art in the Kimberly stylistic sequence: the Irregular Infill Animal period and the Gwion period. Since then, a further 360 wasp nests in contact with Kimberly rock art have been dated. Nest samples were collected from 103 rock art shelters up to 100 kilometers apart in Balanggarra country in the far north of Western Australia. The dates are being used to estimate the age span of each of the five main Kimberley rock painting styles that extend back from modern times to the Last Glacial Maximum. Statistical analysis of the dataset explores the reliability of such estimates, give the sample sizes for each stylistic period. Such a large number of geochronometric ages provides unique insights in the evolution of the artistic styles under the influence of major environmental changes in the region.
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    Small-beam diffraction measurements for understanding local structure and local dynamics in glasses
    (Australian Institute of Physics, 2024-02-06) Liu, ACY; Bøjesen, E; Mudie, ST; Tabor, RF; Zaccone, A; Harrowell, P; Petersen, TP
    In centrosymmetric crystals, each atom is at a centre of symmetry and thus at mechanical equilibrium, with the forces balanced by all its neighbours. Under an applied force, the particles undergo affine displacements that are proportional to this force until the elastic limit is reached, and topological defects are created. In dense glasses with isotropic interparticle interactions (e.g. metallic and colloidal glasses) the local environment around any given particle is generally not a symmetric polyhedron and the imbalance of forces results in irreversible, non-affine displacements. The nature of the local structures that undergo these displacements under mechanical loading, or "flow defects", in glasses is not known. In this study, we make a direct link between local stability and local structure in a glass using scanning microbeam small-angle x-ray scattering. We employ micro-x-ray cross correlation measurements to resolve spatial variations in local structural dynamics. We analyze the angular symmetries and distribution of intensity in the speckle diffraction patterns to measure the local degree of centrosymmetry and the local structural anisotropy or strain. Our measured maps of stability and structure demonstrate that even though local stability and local centrosymmetry fluctuate at the length scale of a single polyhedron, the structural centrosymmetry is still a strong predictor for mechanical stability in glasses. We examine local stability and structure during glass aging and deformation and find that coordinated local structural transformations to lower symmetry structures are central to these phenomena. This provides new particle-level insight into these unique glass behaviours. Analogous scanning electron nanodiffraction measurements may give new insight into atomic glasses
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    Neutron diffraction study on Co-based melilite compounds
    (Australian Institute of Physics, 2024-02-06) Kawamata, M; Avdeev, M; Nambu, Y
    Layered transition metal oxides have attracted much attention owing to their interesting electronic and magnetic properties. The melilite structure A2XB2O7 (A = alkali metals and lanthanides, X = transition metals, B = Si, Ge) generally has a tetragonal structure and XO4 tetrahedra form two-dimensional network on the ab plane with B atoms between layers. They have a wide variety of magnetic structures, ranging from long-ranged commensurate magnetic orders to incommensurate magnetic orders [1]. Furthermore, these compounds are known to exhibit multiferroic properties with magnetic origins due to tilted antiferromagnetism and spiral magnetic structures induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) associated with inversion symmetry broken structure. Sr2CoSi2O7 and Sr2CoGe2O7 have the C-type antiferromagnetic magnetic structures with magnetic moments pointing to the ab-plane [2,3]. Recent neutron diffraction experiments on single crystalline samples of Sr2CoSi2O7 [3] and isostructural Ba2CoGe2O7 [4] have revealed the tilted antiferromagnetic structures, but the R factors for two magnetic space groups Cm′m2′ and P212′12′ are quite comparable and thus the magnetic structure has not yet been refined. Electric polarization measurements would be required to determine the intrinsic magnetic space group in these materials. In this study, we performed neutron powder diffraction to refine magnetic structures of Sr2CoB2O7 (B = Si, Ge), which is expected to have a magnetic structure canted by DMI due to its non-centrosymmetric structure. Using the powder diffractometer ECHIDNA at ANSTO, magnetic reflections were observed at the base temperature, 3 K. All magnetic reflections can well be indexed by the magnetic wavevector qm = (0,0,0) r.l.u., and the magnetic space group was used for the magnetic structure refinement. In this presentation, we will give an overview, our experimental findings of the neutron powder diffraction and magnetic structure analysis, and will discuss the refined magnetic structures and their relations to DMI.
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    Look at the manufacturing technique of a tiny golden filigree from the Charavalle Cross
    (Australasian Research Cluster for Archaeological Science, 2024-05-27) Di Martino, D; Salvemini, F; Cucini, C; Riccardi, MP; Marcucci, G
    A very small portion of filigree, from a jewelry masterpiece (the Chiaravalle Cross) has been made available for analyses, after a restoration [1,2]. The filigree has a multi-component structure, made of rolled and twisted silver wires, soldered and finally gilded. The complex structure of this ancient golden filigree has been disclosed in a non destructive way by a neutron tomographic experiment and this information will be compared to a SEM investigation made on another portion of the same filigree, in order to derive details on the manufacturing technique.