Nickel metaphosphate as a conversion positive electrode for lithium‐ion batteries

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dc.contributor.authorXia, Qen_AU
dc.contributor.authorAvdeev, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorSchmid, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Hen_AU
dc.contributor.authorJohannessen, Ben_AU
dc.contributor.authorLing, CDen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-13T23:24:07Zen_AU
dc.date.available2021-07-13T23:24:07Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2020-06-09en_AU
dc.date.statistics2021-07-05en_AU
dc.description.abstractLithium storage schemes based on conversion chemistry have been used in a large variety of negative electrodes achieving capacities 2–3 times higher than graphite. However, to date, relatively few positive electrode examples have been reported. Here, we report a new conversion positive electrode, Ni(PO3)2, and systematic studies on its working and degradation mechanisms. Crystalline Ni(PO3)2 undergoes an electrochemistry-driven amorphization process in the first discharge to form a fine microstructure, consisting of Ni domains ∼2 nm wide that form a percolating electron-conducting network, embedded in a glassy LiPO3 matrix. P does not participate electrochemically, remaining as P5+ in [PO3]− throughout. The electrode does not recrystallise in the following first charge process, remaining amorphous over all subsequent cycles. The low ionicity of the Ni−[PO3] bond and the high Li+ conductivity of the LiPO3 glass lead to high intrinsic electrochemical activity, allowing the micro-sized Ni(PO3)2 to achieve its theoretical capacity of 247 mAh/g. The performance of the Ni(PO3)2 electrode ultimately degrades due to the growth of larger and more isolated Ni grains. While the theoretical capacity of Ni(PO3)2 is itself limited, this study sheds new light on the underlying chemical mechanisms of conversion positive electrodes, an important new class of electrode for solid-state batteries. © 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbHen_AU
dc.identifier.citationXia, Q., Avdeev, M., Schmid, S., Liu, H., Johannessen, B., & Ling, C. D. (2020). Nickel metaphosphate as a conversion positive electrode for lithium‐ion batteries. Batteries & Supercaps, 4(1), 195-204. doi.org/10.1002/batt.202000164en_AU
dc.identifier.issn2566-6223en_AU
dc.identifier.issue1en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleBatteries & Supercapsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination195-204en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/batt.202000164en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/11050en_AU
dc.identifier.volume4en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherWileyen_AU
dc.subjectElectrochemistryen_AU
dc.subjectElectric batteriesen_AU
dc.subjectElectrodesen_AU
dc.subjectMicrostructureen_AU
dc.subjectLithiumen_AU
dc.subjectNickelen_AU
dc.titleNickel metaphosphate as a conversion positive electrode for lithium‐ion batteriesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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