Core characterisation and predicted CO2 reactivity of sandstones and mudstones from an Australian oil field

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dc.contributor.authorPearce, JKen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBrink, Fen_AU
dc.contributor.authorDawson, GWen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPoitras, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSoutham, Gen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPaterson, DJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWolhuter, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorUnderschultz, JRen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-08T23:14:45Zen_AU
dc.date.available2025-01-08T23:14:45Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2022-02-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-10-30en_AU
dc.description.abstractCO2 geological storage has been proposed as one method to mitigate climate change. Storage of CO2 in depleted oil or gas fields is one option, potentially following enhanced recovery. Understanding the potential impacts of CO2 water rock reactions is an important aspect of storage feasibility studies. Drill core samples of sandstones and mudstones from the Jurassic Moonie oil field, Australia, were characterised. In the Precipice Sandstone reservoir samples pore throats had broad size distributions, with mercury intrusion porosities 6.2 to 14.6%. Evergreen Formation samples were more variable with 1.2 to 16.1% porosity. Porosities measured by QEMSCAN were in reasonable agreement at 8.6 to 15.3% for Precipice Sandstones, and 0.6 to 21.5 for the Evergreen Formation. Sandstones had larger pore throat sizes and lower threshold pressures indicative of good reservoir rocks. Calcite cemented sandstones had truncated pore throat distributions, and the coal and clay rich mudstones had pore throats <0.1 μm with higher threshold pressures likely to seal or baffle CO2. Quartz grains were naturally fractured, with silica, apatite, rutile, calcite, and siderite cements filling porosity in some samples. Feldspars had been weathered producing secondary porosity but also resulting in kaolinite and illite filling intergranular porosity. Pyrite and barite were mainly associated with coals. Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence mapping showed Sr was mainly hosted in calcite cement, apatite and barite; with Rb in both plagioclase and K-feldspars. Calcite mainly hosted Mn; while Zn and Cu were mainly in sulphides. Sulphide minerals in coal also hosted As in one core. Kinetic geochemical CO2-water-rock modelling using the characterisation data over 30 or 1000 years indicated reaction of carbonate minerals where present, and alteration of mainly plagioclase, K-feldspar and chlorite. Net precipitation of ankerite, calcite or siderite mineral trapped 0.23 to 1.28 kg/m3 of CO2 after 1000 years in the different rock packages and was highest in Evergreen Formation rocks. The predicted pH was in the range 5.0 to 5.4 after 1000 years, or higher at 5.2 to 7.1 in lower CO2 fugacity models. Sandstone reactivity was overall low over 30 years indicating a low likelihood of reservoir scaling which would be favourable, with mineral trapping likely in the overlying Evergreen Formation. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipPart of this work was funded by the UQ Surat Deep Aquifer Appraisal Project (UQ-SDAAP). For their contribution and support, UQ would like to acknowledge: the Commonwealth Government of Australia Carbon Capture and Storage RD&D programme and Low Emissions Technology Australia (LETA). The information, opinions and views expressed here do not necessarily represent those of The University of Queensland, the Australian Government or Low Emissions Technology Australia (LETA). Researchers within or working with the UQ-SDAAP are bound by the same policies and procedures as other researchers within The University of Queensland, which are designed to ensure the integrity of research. The whole UQ-SDAAP team is thanked. Bridgeport Energy are acknowledged for providing data in general to the UQ-SDAAP project. No confidential data was used in this study, data referred to from well completion reports was obtained from the Queensland Governments GSQ open data portal. M. Mostert and the UQ Environmental Geochemistry laboratory are thanked for analyses. Part of this research was undertaken on the XFM beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, part of ANSTO. This relates to AS183/XFM/13906 “Natural mineral trapping of regulated metals from groundwater by long term CO2-fluid-rock interactions” and AS171/XFM/11602 “Sources of element mobilisation to groundwater during carbon dioxide geological storage”. We acknowledge travel funding provided by the International Synchrotron Access Program (ISAP) managed by the Australian Synchrotron, part of ANSTO, and funded by the Australian Government. Dr Daryl Howard and Dr Martin de Jonge are thanked for assistance with XFM. We also acknowledge the use of ASCI. Ric Daniels of Adelaide School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide, is thanked for performing MIP analyses. Dirk Kirste is thanked for originally providing mineral script files for geochemical models. The staff of the GSQ Data Exploration Centre are acknowledged for access to drill core and assistance with sampling. The anonymous reviewers are thanked for their comments that improved this manuscript.en_AU
dc.identifier.articlenumber103911en_AU
dc.identifier.citationPearce, J. K., Brink, F., Dawson, G. W., Poitras, J., Southam, G., Paterson, D. J., Wolhuter, A., & Underschultz, J. R. (2022). Core characterisation and predicted CO2 reactivity of sandstones and mudstones from an Australian oil field. International Journal of Coal Geology, 250, 103911. doi:10.1016/j.coal.2021.103911en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0166-5162en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleInternational Journal of Coal Geologyen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2021.103911en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15854en_AU
dc.identifier.volume250en_AU
dc.languageEnglishen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevieren_AU
dc.subjectCobalten_AU
dc.subjectReactivityen_AU
dc.subjectSandstonesen_AU
dc.subjectAustraliaen_AU
dc.subjectOil Fieldsen_AU
dc.subjectCoalen_AU
dc.subjectClaysen_AU
dc.subjectManganeseen_AU
dc.subjectStrontiumen_AU
dc.subjectRubidiumen_AU
dc.subjectCopperen_AU
dc.subjectZincen_AU
dc.subjectSideriteen_AU
dc.subjectCalciteen_AU
dc.subjectGeologyen_AU
dc.subjectCarbon dioxideen_AU
dc.subjectDataen_AU
dc.titleCore characterisation and predicted CO2 reactivity of sandstones and mudstones from an Australian oil fielden_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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