Diet type influences the gut microbiome and nutrient assimilation of genetically improved farmed tilapia (oreochromis niloticus)

Parata, L; Mazumder, D; Sammut, J; Egan, S

Diet type influences the gut microbiome and nutrient assimilation of genetically improved farmed tilapia (oreochromis niloticus)

dc.contributor.author	Parata, L	en_AU
dc.contributor.author	Mazumder, D	en_AU
dc.contributor.author	Sammut, J	en_AU
dc.contributor.author	Egan, S	en_AU
dc.date.accessioned	2021-08-13T07:10:20Z	en_AU
dc.date.available	2021-08-13T07:10:20Z	en_AU
dc.date.issued	2020-08-19	en_AU
dc.date.statistics	2021-08-13	en_AU
dc.description	Includes amended figure which is attached	en_AU
dc.description.abstract	Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus is the third most commonly farmed finfish species in the world, accounting for nearly 5% of global aquaculture production. In the past few decades much of the success of this species has been attributed to the development and distribution of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT). Despite the increasing availability of GIFT, the productivity of small-scale farming remains highly variable, particularly in developing nations. Commercial fish-feed pellets can increase fish farm productivity; however, many small-scale farmers rely on other means of feeding fish due to the high cost and limited availability of commercial fish feed pellets. Therefore, understanding how locally-sourced feeds affect the production of GIFT is an important step towards improving feeding practices, particularly for farmers with low financial capital. This study used stable isotope analysis (SIA) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to compare the effects of a locally-sourced vegetable-based diet and commercial pellet-based diets on the relative condition, nutrient assimilation patterns and gastrointestinal microbiota of GIFT. GIFT fed a locally-sourced diet were smaller, and in a significantly poorer condition than those fed with commercial fish feeds. SIA showed no differences in dietary carbon between the two diets; however, δ13C, poor fish condition and the abundance of specific bacterial taxa (of such as Fusobacteria) were correlated. SIA revealed that GIFT fed locally-sourced diets that predominantly consisted of vegetables were significantly enriched in δ15N despite a perceived lack of dietary protein. This enrichment suggests that GIFT fed a locally-sourced diet may be supplementing their diet via cannibalism, a behaviour representative of poor farming practice. Overall this study highlights the need to increase the availability of suitable GIFT feeds in developing nations. The development a low-cost feed alternative could improve the success of small-scale GIFT farmers in PNG, increasing both food and income security within the region. © 2020 Parata et al. Open access under CC Attribution licence	en_AU
dc.identifier.articlenumber	e0237775	en_AU
dc.identifier.citation	Parata, L., Mazumder, D., Sammut, J., & Egan, S. (2020). Diet type influences the gut microbiome and nutrient assimilation of genetically improved farmed tilapia (oreochromis niloticus). PLOS ONE, 15(8), e0237775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237775	en_AU
dc.identifier.issn	1932-6203	en_AU
dc.identifier.issue	8	en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitle	PLOS ONE	en_AU
dc.identifier.uri	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237775	en_AU
dc.identifier.uri	https://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/11352	en_AU
dc.identifier.volume	15	en_AU
dc.language.iso	en	en_AU
dc.publisher	PLOS One	en_AU
dc.subject	Fishing industry	en_AU
dc.subject	Aquaculture	en_AU
dc.subject	Genetics	en_AU
dc.subject	Fisheries	en_AU
dc.subject	Pellets	en_AU
dc.subject	Stable isotopes	en_AU
dc.subject	Diet	en_AU
dc.subject	Vegetables	en_AU
dc.title	Diet type influences the gut microbiome and nutrient assimilation of genetically improved farmed tilapia (oreochromis niloticus)	en_AU
dc.type	Journal Article	en_AU