Placental element content assessed via synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy identifies low molybdenum concentrations in foetal growth restriction, postdate delivery and stillbirth

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dc.contributor.authorFoteva, Ven_AU
dc.contributor.authorMaiti, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorFisher, JJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorQiao, Yen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPaterson, DJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorJones, MWMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Ren_AU
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-19T03:00:44Zen_AU
dc.date.available2024-09-19T03:00:44Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2024-08-03en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-08-23en_AU
dc.description.abstractPlacental health and foetal development are dependent upon element homeostasis. Analytical techniques such as mass spectroscopy can provide quantitative data on element concentrations in placental tissue but do not show spatial distribution or co-localisation of elements that may affect placental function. The present study used synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy to elucidate element content and distribution in healthy and pathological placental tissue. The X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) beamline at the Australian Synchrotron was used to image trace metal content of 19 placental sections from healthy term (n = 5, 37–39 weeks), foetal growth-restricted (n = 3, <32 weeks, birth weight <3rd centile), postdate (n = 7, >41 completed weeks), and stillbirth-complicated pregnancies (n = 4, 37–40 weeks). Samples were cryo-sectioned and freeze-dried. The concentration and distribution of fourteen elements were detected in all samples: arsenic, bromine, calcium, chlorine, copper, iron, molybdenum, phosphorous, potassium, rubidium, selenium, strontium, sulphur, and zinc. The elements zinc, calcium, phosphorous, and strontium were significantly increased in stillbirth placental tissue in comparison to healthy-term controls. Strontium, zinc, and calcium were found to co-localise in stillbirth tissue samples, and calcium and strontium concentrations were correlated in all placental groups. Molybdenum was significantly decreased in stillbirth, foetal growth-restricted, and postdate placental tissue in comparison to healthy-term samples (p < 0.0001). Synchrotron-based XFM reveals elemental distribution within biological samples such as the placenta, allowing for the co-localisation of metal deposits that may have a pathological role. Our pilot study further indicates low concentrations of placental molybdenum in pregnancies complicated by foetal growth restriction, postdate delivery, and stillbirth. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the Australian Synchrotron (Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, no. G2000163) and the National Health and Medical Research Council.en_AU
dc.identifier.articlenumber2549en_AU
dc.identifier.citationFoteva, V., Maiti, K., Fisher, J. J., Qiao, Y., Paterson, D.,J., Jones, M. W. M., & Smith, R. (2024). Placental element content assessed via synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy identifies low molybdenum concentrations in foetal growth restriction, postdate delivery and stillbirth . Nutrients, 16, 1-15, 2549. doi:10.3390/nu16152549en_AU
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleNutrientsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination1-15en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15682en_AU
dc.identifier.volume16en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherMDPIen_AU
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/15/2549en_AU
dc.subjectX-ray fluorescence analysisen_AU
dc.subjectSynchrotronsen_AU
dc.subjectPlacentaen_AU
dc.subjectMolybdenumen_AU
dc.subjectParturitionen_AU
dc.subjectFetusesen_AU
dc.subjectPregnancyen_AU
dc.subjectReproductive disordersen_AU
dc.titlePlacental element content assessed via synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy identifies low molybdenum concentrations in foetal growth restriction, postdate delivery and stillbirthen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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