High energy X-ray imaging of heterogeneity in charged and discharged lead-acid battery electrodes

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dc.contributor.authorStone, CWen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHall, CJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPohl, OMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHollenkamp, AFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorNewnham, RHen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMahon, PJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHocking, RKen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-28T01:04:15Zen_AU
dc.date.available2025-02-28T01:04:15Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2023-02en_AU
dc.date.statistics2025-02-19en_AU
dc.description.abstractLead-acid battery technology continues to form a critical part of the global electrochemical energy storage market. Part of the reason for the lead-acid battery's success is due to its well understood electrochemistry. However, over recent years it has become clear that a poor understanding of inherent heterogeneity in chemical changes that happen during the charge and discharge cycles of these batteries is limiting innovation. In this paper we show that high-energy X-rays can be used to better understand how the chemistry within these systems is localised spatially, and how it affects battery performance. Used commercial lead-acid battery electrodes were sampled then imaged before and after the Pb K-edge (88 keV). In these electrodes, multiple features associated with battery failure were clearly observed throughout each electrode. A custom-made lead-acid battery was also imaged in-operando. Inhomogeneous utilization of the negative electrode arising from charge-transport effects could be clearly observed in the electrode face. These results show that high-energy X-ray imaging could be a powerful tool to better understand the relationship between the spatial and electrochemical dimensions in lead-acid batteries. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.identifier.articlenumber232538en_AU
dc.identifier.citationStone, C. W., Hall, C., Pohl, O. M., Hollenkamp, A. F., Newnham, R. H., Mahon, P. J., & Hocking, R. K. (2023). High energy X-ray imaging of heterogeneity in charged and discharged lead-acid battery electrodes. Journal of Power Sources, 557, 232538. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232538en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0378-7753en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Power Sourcesen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232538en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/16005en_AU
dc.identifier.volume557en_AU
dc.languageEnglishen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevieren_AU
dc.subjectElectrodesen_AU
dc.subjectLeaden_AU
dc.subjectElectrochemistryen_AU
dc.subjectChemistryen_AU
dc.subjectElectric dischargesen_AU
dc.subjectElectric chargesen_AU
dc.subjectEnergy storageen_AU
dc.subjectCharge transporten_AU
dc.titleHigh energy X-ray imaging of heterogeneity in charged and discharged lead-acid battery electrodesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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