The temperature-dependent phase transformation and microstructural characterisation in In-Sn solder alloys

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dc.contributor.authorZhou, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorTan, XFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGu, QFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMcDonald, SDen_AU
dc.contributor.authorNogita, Ken_AU
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-11T06:27:31Zen_AU
dc.date.available2023-09-11T06:27:31Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2023-05-16en_AU
dc.date.statistics2023-06-11en_AU
dc.description.abstractIndium-based solder alloys are considered candidates for the next generation of low-temperature solder materials, especially for superconducting joints because of the properties of the β-In3Sn phase. The temperature-dependent phase transformation and thermal expansion behaviour of two different solder compositions including In-35Sn (in wt.%) and In-25.6Sn have been characterised using an in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction method. The c-axis of the β-In3Sn unit cell in the In-35Sn alloy exhibited a complex relationship with increasing temperature compared to the positive increasing trend in In-25.6Sn due to the temperature-dependent solubility of Sn in β-In3Sn and change in the volume fraction of phases commencing at 80°C. In situ heating scanning electron microscopy recorded a real-time melting-solidification microstructure variation and phase transition during annealing at 90°C that was further analysed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The observations are discussed with respect to the lattice parameters of the γ-InSn4 and β-In3Sn phases and the proportions and composition of both phases present within the alloys. © 2023 The Authors - Open Access - funded through CAUL.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipWe acknowledge (1) the Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis at The University of Queensland for providing the ion-milling machine, plasma cleaner and in situ heating stage compatible SEM; (2) Nihon Superior Company Ltd. for their support of this research and the supply of the indium ingots; (3) translational polymer research group team and Dr. Clement Chan for providing the DSC instrument; (4) Dr. Tony Wang (from Queensland University of Technology’s Central Analytical Research Facility) for helping with the TOPAS Rietveld Refinement; (5) Powder Diffraction beamline at the Australian Synchrotron for the synchrotron PXRD experiments. Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions. This research was funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC), Australia (LP180100595) and The University of Queensland, Australia, (Research Training Program) stipend and (Knowledge Exchange & Translation Fund, 2021002690). The synchrotron PXRD data was collected at the Australian Synchrotron Powder Diffraction beamline under proposal (AS221/PD/17948).en_AU
dc.identifier.citationZhou, J., Tan, X. F., Gu, Q., McDonald, S. D., & Nogita, K. (2023). The temperature-dependent phase transformation and microstructural characterisation in In-Sn solder alloys. JOM, 75(8), 3149-3161. doi:10.1007/s11837-023-05870-yen_AU
dc.identifier.issn1543-1851en_AU
dc.identifier.issue8en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleJOMen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination3149-3161en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15110en_AU
dc.identifier.volume75en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen_AU
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-023-05870-yen_AU
dc.subjectIndiumen_AU
dc.subjectPhase transformationsen_AU
dc.subjectX-ray diffractionen_AU
dc.subjectTemperature rangeen_AU
dc.subjectSynchrotronsen_AU
dc.subjectElectron microscopyen_AU
dc.titleThe temperature-dependent phase transformation and microstructural characterisation in In-Sn solder alloysen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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