Natural and anthropogenic 236U in environmental samples

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dc.contributor.authorSteier, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBichler, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorFifield, LKen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGolser, Ren_AU
dc.contributor.authorKutschera, Wen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPriller, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorQuinto, Fen_AU
dc.contributor.authorRichter, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSrncik, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorTerrasi, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWacker, Len_AU
dc.contributor.authorWallner, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWilcken, KMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWild, EMen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-02T21:45:04Zen_AU
dc.date.available2020-12-02T21:45:04Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2008-03-06en_AU
dc.date.statistics2020-12-01en_AU
dc.description.abstractThe interaction of thermal neutrons with 235U results in fission with a probability of ∼85% and in the formation of 236U (t1/2 = 2.3 × 107 yr) with a probability of ∼15%. While anthropogenic 236U is, therefore, present in spent nuclear fuel at levels of 236U/U up to 10−2, the expected natural ratios in the pre-anthropogenic environment range from 10−14 to 10−10. At VERA, systematic investigations suggest a detection limit below 236U/U = 5 × 10−12 for samples of 0.5 mg U, while chemistry blanks of ∼2 × 107 atoms 236U per sample limit the sensitivity for smaller samples. We have found natural isotopic ratios in uranium reagents separated before the onset of human nuclear activities, in uranium ores from various origins and in water from a subsurface well in Bad Gastein, Austria. Anthropogenic contamination was clearly visible in soil and rivulet samples from Salzburg, Austria, whereas river sediments from Garigliano river (Southern Italy) were close to the detection limit. Finally, our natural in-house standard Vienna-KkU was calibrated against a certified reference material (IRMM REIMEP-18 A). © 2008 Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationSteier, P., Bichler, M., Fifield, L. K., Golser, R., Kutschera, W., Priller, A., Quinto, F., Richter, S., Srncik, M., Terrasi, P., Wacker, L., Wallner, A., Wilcken, K. & Wild, E. (2008). Natural and anthropogenic 236U in environmental samples. Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Accelerators in Applied Research and Technology (ECAART9), 3-7 September 2007, Florence, Italy. In Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 266(10), 2246-2250. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.002en_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceenddate7 September 2007en_AU
dc.identifier.conferencename9th European Conference on Accelerators in Applied Research and Technology (ECAART9)en_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceplaceFlorence, Italy.en_AU
dc.identifier.conferencestartdate3 September 2007en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0168-583Xen_AU
dc.identifier.issue10en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atomsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination2246-2250en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.002en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/10049en_AU
dc.identifier.volume266en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevieren_AU
dc.subjectUraniumen_AU
dc.subjectNatural uraniumen_AU
dc.subjectUranium oresen_AU
dc.subjectUranium 236en_AU
dc.subjectThermal neutronsen_AU
dc.subjectNuclear fuelsen_AU
dc.subjectDetectionen_AU
dc.subjectAustriaen_AU
dc.subjectItalyen_AU
dc.titleNatural and anthropogenic 236U in environmental samplesen_AU
dc.typeConference paperen_AU
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