Solvent extraction of rare earth elements using phosphonic/phosphinic acid mixtures

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dc.contributor.authorQuinn, JEen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSoldenhoff, KHen_AU
dc.contributor.authorStevens, GWen_AU
dc.contributor.authorLengkeek, NAen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-29T21:35:51Zen_AU
dc.date.available2020-03-29T21:35:51Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2015-10-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2020-03-20en_AU
dc.description.abstractThis work examines the extraction of rare earths (Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Lu and Y) by 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid 2-ethylhexyl mono-ester (EHEHPA), Cyanex 272, Cyanex 572 and mixtures of EHEHPA and Cyanex 272, to determine whether the mixed extractants could be beneficial to industrial rare earth separations. Analysis of the effect of pH and extractant concentration on distribution ratios indicated that addition of the phosphinic acid to EHEHPA resulted in an antagonistic effect. The antagonistic effect was confirmed using the method of continuous variation, and is thought to be due to an association between the phosphinic and phosphonic acids which reduces the free dimer concentrations of each component. Examination of 31P{1H} NMR spectra showed that for the mixed extractant the extracted yttrium complex was predominantly composed of EHEHPA. However, some Cyanex 272 was also found to be associated with yttrium, which suggests the formation of a mixed yttrium–EHEHPA–Cyanex 272 complex. Separation factors for the mixed extractants were similar to those of EHEHPA, while the maximum loading for equimolar extractants was approximately halved. The results suggest potential savings resulting from a reduction in the stripping acid required for the mixed extractant relative to equimolar EHEHPA; however equipment size would likely increase due to lower overall metal loading. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationQuinn, J. E., Soldenhoff, K. H., Stevens, G. W., & Lengkeek, N. A. (2015). Solvent extraction of rare earth elements using phosphonic/phosphinic acid mixtures. Hydrometallurgy, 157, 298-305. doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.09.005en_AU
dc.identifier.govdoc8866en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0304-386Xen_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleHydrometallurgyen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination298-305en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.09.005en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/9289en_AU
dc.identifier.volume157en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.subjectRare earthsen_AU
dc.subjectSolvent extractionen_AU
dc.subjectPhosphinic acidsen_AU
dc.subjectDimersen_AU
dc.subjectNMR spectraen_AU
dc.subjectYtterbiumen_AU
dc.subjectScandiumen_AU
dc.titleSolvent extraction of rare earth elements using phosphonic/phosphinic acid mixturesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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