Skeletal arsenic of the pre-Columbian population of Caleta Vitor, northern Chile

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dc.contributor.authorSwift, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorCupper, MLen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGreig, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWestaway, MCen_AU
dc.contributor.authorCarter, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSantoro, CMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWood, Ren_AU
dc.contributor.authorJacobsen, GEen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBertuch, Fen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-29T23:21:02Zen_AU
dc.date.available2020-03-29T23:21:02Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2015-06-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2020-03-20en_AU
dc.description.abstractExposure to toxic arsenic has severe health consequences for past and present societies. This research resolves changes in a pre-Industrial population's exposure to the toxin within an arsenic-endemic area of the Atacama Desert of northern Chile over long timescales. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) trace element analysis of human bone and tooth samples from 21 burials at Caleta Vitor on the Pacific coast of northern Chile has established that the pre-Columbian inhabitants were exposed to elevated levels of arsenic where one third of the sample population had accumulated levels in their skeletal system indicative of chronic poisoning. Coupled with new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon ages for the skeletal samples, spanning c. 3867 to 474 cal BP and encompassing all major cultural periods of the region, these results demonstrate the continual risk of arsenic poisoning over several millennia of occupation at one site. Numerous factors may have partially contributed to the population's inferred poisoning, due to the complex interaction of various environmental sources of arsenic and human behaviours. Increased exposure to arsenic could relate to climatic variability influencing sources of drinking water or anthropogenic activities such as mining and metallurgy or dietary changes associated with agriculture. Assessment of these potential sources of arsenic toxication, including evaluation of modern environmental data from the region, suggests contaminated drinking water was the most likely cause of arseniasis. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationSwift, J., Cupper, M. L., Greig, A., Westaway, M. C., Carter, C., Santoro, C. M., Wood, R., Jacobsen, G. E., & Bertuch, F. (2015). Skeletal arsenic of the pre-Columbian population of Caleta Vitor, northern Chile. Journal of Archaeological Science, 58, 31-45. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2015.03.024en_AU
dc.identifier.govdoc8489en_AU
dc.identifier.issn1095-9238en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Archaeological Scienceen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination31-45en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.03.024en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/9296en_AU
dc.identifier.volume58en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.subjectArsenicen_AU
dc.subjectChileen_AU
dc.subjectSkeletonen_AU
dc.subjectElementsen_AU
dc.subjectTrace amountsen_AU
dc.subjectCarbon 14en_AU
dc.subjectFossilsen_AU
dc.subjectArsenicen_AU
dc.subjectPoisoningen_AU
dc.titleSkeletal arsenic of the pre-Columbian population of Caleta Vitor, northern Chileen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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