Iron-monosulfide oxidation in natural sediments: resolving microbially mediated S transformations using XANES, electron microscopy, and selective extractions

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dc.contributor.authorBurton, EDen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBush, RTen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSullivan, LAen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHocking, RKen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMitchell, DRGen_AU
dc.contributor.authorJohnston, SGen_AU
dc.contributor.authorFitzpatrick, RWen_AU
dc.contributor.authorRaven, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorMcClure, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorJang, LYen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2010-04-01T02:43:28Zen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2010-04-30T05:09:01Zen_AU
dc.date.available2010-04-01T02:43:28Zen_AU
dc.date.available2010-04-30T05:09:01Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2009-05-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2009-05-01en_AU
dc.description.abstractIron-monosulfide oxidation and associated S transformations in a natural sediment were examined by combining selective extractions, electron microscopy and S K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The sediment examined in this study was collected from a waterway receiving acid−sulfate soil drainage. It contained a high acid-volatile sulfide content (1031 μmol g−1), reflecting an abundance of iron-monosulfide. The iron-monosulfide speciation in the initial sediment sample was dominated by nanocrystalline mackinawite (tetragonal FeS). At near-neutral pH and an O2 partial pressure of 0.2 atm, the mackinawite was found to oxidize rapidly, with a half-time of 29 ± 2 min. This oxidation rate did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between abiotic versus biotic conditions, demonstrating that oxidation of nanocrystalline mackinawite was not microbially mediated. The extraction results suggested that elemental S (S08) was a key intermediate S oxidation product. Transmission electron microscopy showed the S08 to be amorphous nanoglobules, 100−200 nm in diameter. The quantitative importance of S08 was confirmed by linear combination XANES spectroscopy, after accounting for the inherent effect of the nanoscale S08 particle-size on the corresponding XANES spectrum. Both the selective extraction and XANES data showed that oxidation of S08 to SO42− was mediated by microbial activity. In addition to directly revealing important S transformations, the XANES results support the accuracy of the selective extraction scheme employed here. © 2009, American Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.identifier.citationBurton, E. D., Bush, R. T., Sullivan, L. A., Hocking, R. K., Mitchell, D. R. G., Johnston, S. G., Fitzpatrick, R. W., Raven, M., McClure, S., Jang, L. Y. (2009). Iron-monosulfide oxidation in natural sediments: resolving microbially mediated S transformations using XANES, electron microscopy, and selective extractions. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(9), 3128-3134. doi:10.1021/es8036548en_AU
dc.identifier.govdoc1581en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0013-936Xen_AU
dc.identifier.issue9en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleEnvironmental Science & Technologyen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination3128-3134en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es8036548en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/3020en_AU
dc.identifier.volume43en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.subjectIronen_AU
dc.subjectTransmission electron microscopyen_AU
dc.subjectOxidationen_AU
dc.subjectSedimentsen_AU
dc.subjectTransformationsen_AU
dc.subjectExtractionen_AU
dc.titleIron-monosulfide oxidation in natural sediments: resolving microbially mediated S transformations using XANES, electron microscopy, and selective extractionsen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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