New insights into the origin of perylene in geological samples.

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dc.contributor.authorGrice, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorLu, Hen_AU
dc.contributor.authorAtahan, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorAsif, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorHallmann, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGreenwood, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMaslen, Een_AU
dc.contributor.authorTulipani, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWilliford, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorDodson, JRen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2010-03-02T05:48:44Zen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2010-04-30T05:05:42Zen_AU
dc.date.available2010-03-02T05:48:44Zen_AU
dc.date.available2010-04-30T05:05:42Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2009-11-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2009-11-01en_AU
dc.description.abstractThe origin of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) perylene in sediments and petroleum has been a matter of continued debate. Reported to occur in Phanerozoic organic matter (OM), fossil crinoids and tropical termite mounds, its mechanism of formation remains unclear. While a combustion source can be excluded, structural similarities to perylene quinone-like components present in e.g. fungi, plants, crinoids and insects, potentially suggest a product–precursor relationship. Here, we report perylene concentrations, 13C/12C, and D/H ratios from a Holocene sediment profile from the Qingpu trench, Yangtze Delta region, China. Perylene concentrations differ from those of pyrogenic PAHs, and rise to prominence in a stratigraphic interval that was dominated by woody vegetation as determined by palynology including fungal spores. In this zone, perylene concentrations exhibit an inverse relationship to the lignin marker guaiacol, D/H ratios between −284‰ and −317‰, similar to the methoxy groups in lignin, as well as co-variation with spores from wood-degrading fungi. 13C/12C of perylene differs from that of land plant wax alkanes and falls in the fractionation range expected for saprophytic fungi that utilise lignin, which is isotopically lighter than cellulose and whole wood. During progressive lignin degradation, the relative carbon isotopic ratio of the perylene decreases. We therefore hypothesise a relationship of perylene to the activity of wood-degrading fungi. To support our hypothesis, we analysed a wide range of Phanerozoic sediments and oils, and found perylene to generally be present in subordinate amounts before the evolutionary rise of vascular plants, and to be generally absent from marine-sourced oils, few exceptions being attributed perhaps to a contribution of marine and/or terrestrial-derived fungi, anoxia (especially under marine conditions) and/or contamination of core material by fungi. A series of low-molecular-weight aromatic quinones bearing the perylene-backbone were detected in Devonian and Cretaceous sediments, potentially representing precursor components to perylene. © 2009, Elsevier Ltd.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationGrice, K., Lu, H., Atahan, P., Asif, M., Hallmann, C., & Greenwood, P., Maslen, E., Tulipini, S., Williford, K., & Dodson, J. (2009). New insights into the origin of perylene in geological samples. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 73(21), 6531-6543. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.029en_AU
dc.identifier.govdoc1369en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0016-7037en_AU
dc.identifier.issue21en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleGeochimica Et Cosmochimica Actaen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination6531-6543en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.029en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/2929en_AU
dc.identifier.volume73en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevieren_AU
dc.subjectPeryleneen_AU
dc.subjectSedimentsen_AU
dc.subjectPetroleumen_AU
dc.subjectFungien_AU
dc.subjectOilsen_AU
dc.subjectHypothesisen_AU
dc.titleNew insights into the origin of perylene in geological samples.en_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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