Deposits, flow characteristics, and landscape change resulting from the September 2009 South Pacific Tsunami in the Samoan Islands

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dc.contributor.authorRichmond, Ben_AU
dc.contributor.authorBuckley, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorEtienne, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorChagué-Goff, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorClark, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorGoff, JRen_AU
dc.contributor.authorDominey-Howes, Den_AU
dc.contributor.authorStrotz, Len_AU
dc.date.accessioned2012-02-09T01:21:30Zen_AU
dc.date.available2012-02-09T01:21:30Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2011-07-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2012-02-09en_AU
dc.description.abstractThe September 29th 2009 tsunami caused widespread coastal modification within the islands of Samoa and northern Tonga in the South Pacific. Preliminary measurements indicate maximum runup values of around 17 m (Okal et al., 2010) and shore-normal inundation distances of up to similar to 620 m (Jaffe et al., 2010). Geological field reconnaissance studies were conducted as part of an UNESCO-IOC International Tsunami Survey Team survey within three weeks of the event in order to document the erosion, transport, and deposition of sediment by the tsunami. Data collected included: a) general morphology and geological characteristics of the coast, b) evidence of tsunami flow (inundation, flow depth and direction, wave height and runup), c) surficial and subsurface sediment samples including deposit thickness and extent, d) topographic mapping, and e) boulder size and location measurements. Four main types of sedimentary deposits were identified: a) gravel fields consisting mostly of isolated cobbles and boulders, b) sand sheets from a few to similar to 25 cm thick, c) piles of organic (mostly vegetation) and man-made material forming debris ramparts, and d) surface mud deposits that settled from suspension from standing water in the tsunami aftermath. Tsunami deposits within the reef system were not widespread, however, surficial changes to the reefs were observed. Published by Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationRichmond, B.M., Buckley, M., Etienne, S., Chagué-Goff C., Clark, K., Goff, J., Dominey-Howes, D., & Strotz, L. (2011). Deposits, flow characteristics, and landscape change resulting from the September 2009 South Pacific tsunami in the Samoan islands. Earth-Science Reviews, 107(1-2, SI), 38-51. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.03.008en_AU
dc.identifier.govdoc3910en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0012-8252en_AU
dc.identifier.issue1-2, SIen_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleEarth-Science Reviewsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination38-51en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.03.008en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/3997en_AU
dc.identifier.volume107en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevier Scienceen_AU
dc.subjectTsunamisen_AU
dc.subjectNew Zealanden_AU
dc.subjectEarthquakesen_AU
dc.subjectShoresen_AU
dc.subjectReefsen_AU
dc.subjectMorphologyen_AU
dc.titleDeposits, flow characteristics, and landscape change resulting from the September 2009 South Pacific Tsunami in the Samoan Islandsen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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