Glass-bonded ceramic waste forms for immobilization of radioiodine from caustic scrubber wastes

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dc.contributor.authorLere-Adams, AJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWilkins, MCDen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBollinger, Den_AU
dc.contributor.authorStariha, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorFarzana, Ren_AU
dc.contributor.authorDayal, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGregg, DJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorChong, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorRiley, BJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHeiden, ZMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMcCloy, JSen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-10T04:44:57Zen_AU
dc.date.available2025-01-10T04:44:57Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2024-01-26en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-10-23en_AU
dc.description.abstractGlass-bonded sodalite composite waste forms have been developed for the immobilization of liquid radioactive wastes resulting from off-gas treatment during aqueous reprocessing of used nuclear fuel, with a particular focus on 129I. The proposed composite waste form is comprised of aluminosilicate ceramic phases containing volatile radionuclides bonded with a glassy matrix. In this work, a suite of ten candidate low-temperature glass binders (ZnO-Bi2O3-based glasses and a Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 glass) were examined. Six glasses were mixed with caustic scrubber waste simulant previously converted into a sodalite-rich material (to provide glass fractions of 10 and 20 wt.%), uniaxially pressed into pellets, and sintered at 350 °C or 550 °C for 8 h in air. Iodine retention after heat treatment was assessed by neutron activation analysis, showing retention of 67–100 % of expected iodine. The aqueous durabilities of the resulting materials were then determined, following the ASTM C1308 standard test, showing iodine releases of 1 to 23 g m−2 after 4 d. The cumulative iodine release for the best performing system (a zinc-bismuth-borate glass binder) was <1 g m−2, and its iodine retention from processing was 67 %. The iodine releases compared favorably with other waste forms. In parallel, this best-performing composition was also consolidated via hot isostatic pressing (HIP) in a stainless-steel canister at 550 °C for 2 h under 100 MPa pressure. The HIPed sample was produced at the ∼20 g scale and showed improved densification and minimal reaction with the canister. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the US Department of Energy – Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), DE-NE0008964. We thank Dr. Tina Nenoff for providing some of the Ferro 2922 for our study. PNNL is operated by the Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05–76RL01830. Argonne National Laboratory is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02–06CH11357. ANSTO co-authors would like to thank Christian Deura for HIPing, Iveta Kurlapski for assistance with sample preparation and Nuclear Science and Technology (NST) at ANSTO for material characterizations. We also thank Gavin McCloy for assistance with the NAA sample preparation.en_AU
dc.identifier.articlenumber154938en_AU
dc.identifier.citationLere-Adams, A. J., Dixon Wilkins, M. C., Bollinger, D., Stariha, S., Farzana, R., Dayal, P., Gregg, D. J., Chong, S., Riley, B. J., Heiden, Z. M., & McCloy, J. S. (2024). Glass-bonded ceramic waste forms for immobilization of radioiodine from caustic scrubber wastes. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 591, 154938. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.154938en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0022-3115en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Nuclear Materialsen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2024.154938en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15905en_AU
dc.identifier.volume591en_AU
dc.languageEnglishen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevieren_AU
dc.subjectGlassen_AU
dc.subjectCeramicsen_AU
dc.subjectWastesen_AU
dc.subjectRadioactive wastesen_AU
dc.subjectLiquidsen_AU
dc.subjectAqueous solutionsen_AU
dc.subjectZincen_AU
dc.subjectBismuthen_AU
dc.subjectSodiumen_AU
dc.subjectSiliconen_AU
dc.subjectHeat treatmentsen_AU
dc.subjectNeutron Activation Analysisen_AU
dc.subjectIodineen_AU
dc.titleGlass-bonded ceramic waste forms for immobilization of radioiodine from caustic scrubber wastesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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