Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland

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dc.contributor.authorBuizert, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMartinerie, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPetrenko, VVen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSeveringhaus, JPen_AU
dc.contributor.authorTrudinger, CMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWitrant, Een_AU
dc.contributor.authorRosen, JLen_AU
dc.contributor.authorOrsi, AJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorRubino, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorEtheridge, DMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSteele, LPen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHogan, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorLaube, JCen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSturges, WTen_AU
dc.contributor.authorLevchenko, VAen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSmith, AMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorLevin, Ien_AU
dc.contributor.authorConway, TJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorDlugokencky, EJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorLang, PMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKawamura, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorJenk, TMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWhite, JWCen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSowers, Ten_AU
dc.contributor.authorSchwander, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBlunier, Ten_AU
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-02T22:27:45Zen_AU
dc.date.available2022-06-02T22:27:45Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2012-05-14en_AU
dc.date.statistics2022-05-20en_AU
dc.descriptionThis work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Corrigendum to "Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland'' published in Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4259–-4277, 2012 (the Corrigendum to this article) appears here: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3571-2014en_AU
dc.description.abstractAir was sampled from the porous firn layer at the NEEM site in Northern Greenland. We use an ensemble of ten reference tracers of known atmospheric history to characterise the transport properties of the site. By analysing uncertainties in both data and the reference gas atmospheric histories, we can objectively assign weights to each of the gases used for the depth-diffusivity reconstruction. We define an objective root mean square criterion that is minimised in the model tuning procedure. Each tracer constrains the firn profile differently through its unique atmospheric history and free air diffusivity, making our multiple-tracer characterisation method a clear improvement over the commonly used single-tracer tuning. Six firn air transport models are tuned to the NEEM site; all models successfully reproduce the data within a 1σ Gaussian distribution. A comparison between two replicate boreholes drilled 64 m apart shows differences in measured mixing ratio profiles that exceed the experimental error. We find evidence that diffusivity does not vanish completely in the lock-in zone, as is commonly assumed. The ice age- gas age difference (Δage) at the firn-ice transition is calculated to be 182+3−9 yr. We further present the first intercomparison study of firn air models, where we introduce diagnostic scenarios designed to probe specific aspects of the model physics. Our results show that there are major differences in the way the models handle advective transport. Furthermore, diffusive fractionation of isotopes in the firn is poorly constrained by the models, which has consequences for attempts to reconstruct the isotopic composition of trace gases back in time using firn air and ice core records. © Author(s) 2012.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationBuizert, C., Martinerie, P., Petrenko, V. V., Severinghaus, J. P., Trudinger, C. M., Witrant, E., Rosen, J. L., Orsi, A. J., Rubino, M., Etheridge, D. M., Steele, L. P., Hogan, C., Laube, J. C., Sturges, W. T., Levchenko, V. A., Smith, A. M., Levin, I., Conway, T. J., Dlugokencky, E. J., Lang, P. M., Kawamura, K., Jenk, T. M., White, J. W. C., Sowers, T., Schwander, J., & Blunier, T. (2012). Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12(9), 4259-4277. doi:10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012en_AU
dc.identifier.issn1680-7324en_AU
dc.identifier.issue9en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleAtmospheric Chemistry and Physicsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination4259-4277en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/13265en_AU
dc.identifier.volume12en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherCopernicus Publicationsen_AU
dc.subjectGreenlanden_AU
dc.subjectArctic regionsen_AU
dc.subjectGasesen_AU
dc.subjectAtmospheric chemistryen_AU
dc.subjectIceen_AU
dc.subjectDrill coresen_AU
dc.subjectTracer techniquesen_AU
dc.subjectSamplingen_AU
dc.titleGas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenlanden_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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