Prediction of the long-term performance of crystalline nuclear waste form phases from studies of mineral analogues

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dc.contributor.authorLumpkin, GRen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSmith, KLen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBlackford, MGen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMcGlinn, PJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGieré, Ren_AU
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, CTen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-02T04:16:21Zen_AU
dc.date.available2022-12-02T04:16:21Zen_AU
dc.date.issued1994-05-01en_AU
dc.date.statistics2022-10-25en_AU
dc.description.abstractThis investigation outlines the use of natural analogues as a means of assessing the long-term performance of actinide host phases in crystalline nuclear waste forms. We employed several analytical techniques to study the mineral zirconolite, an important actinide host phase in Synroc and tailored ceramics. The following conclusions were reached: 1) Natural zirconolite experiences a crystalline to aperiodic transformation at doses of approximately 10 to 10 alpha/mg (0.08-1.0 dpa), consistent with the results of accelerated damage testing on synthetic zirconolite. 2) Damage microstructures are consistent with the accumulation and overlap of alpha-recoil collision cascades, resulting in aperiodic domains which increase in volume as a function of dose. 3) There is evidence for long-term annealing of alpha-recoil damage in zirconolite at a rate 2-5 times slower than in the structurally related mineral pyrochlore. 4) Analysis of data from the only documented natural zirconolites to show hydrothermal alteration [resulting from F- and P-rich aqueous fluids at T = 500-600 degrees C and P = 2 kb, Giere and Williams (14)], suggests that Th and U were released to the fluid phase. 5) The effects of low temperature alteration of radiation damaged zirconolite by a Si-rich ground water or fluid phase were identified in the oldest (2.5 x 10 yr) sample in our research collection. Alteration involved incorporation of Si along microfractures at the expense of Ca, Ti, and Fe, but Th and U remained immobile. In this same sample, there is evidence for migration of at least 50% of the radiogenic Pb from both unaltered and altered areas of zirconolite. Most of the Pb may have been retained within the sample as fine precipitates of galena (PbS).en_AU
dc.identifier.booktitleProceedings, 9th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference: Nuclear energy, science and technology - Pacific partnershipen_AU
dc.identifier.citationLumpkin, G. R., Smith, K. L., Blackford, M. G., McGlinn, P., Giere, R., & Williams, C. T. (1994). Prediction of the long-term performance of crystalline nuclear waste form phases from studies of mineral analogues. In Proceedings, 9th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference: Nuclear energy, science and technology Pacific partnership, Sydney, Australia, 1-6 May 1994, (pp. 879-885). Barton, ACT: Institution of Engineers, Australia.en_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceenddate6 May 2004en_AU
dc.identifier.conferencename9th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference: Nuclear energy, science and technology - Pacific partnershipen_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceplaceSydney, Australiaen_AU
dc.identifier.conferencestartdate1 May 1994en_AU
dc.identifier.isbn0858256029en_AU
dc.identifier.pagination879-885en_AU
dc.identifier.placeofpublicationBarton, ACTen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/14125en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherInstitution of Engineers, Australiaen_AU
dc.subjectActinidesen_AU
dc.subjectGround wateren_AU
dc.subjectRadioactive wastesen_AU
dc.subjectZirconoliteen_AU
dc.subjectCrystalsen_AU
dc.subjectWaste formsen_AU
dc.subjectMineralsen_AU
dc.subjectSynthetic rocksen_AU
dc.titlePrediction of the long-term performance of crystalline nuclear waste form phases from studies of mineral analoguesen_AU
dc.typeConference Paperen_AU
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