Estimating the inundation limits of small historical tsunamis

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dc.contributor.authorJudd, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorChagué-Goff, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGoff, JRen_AU
dc.contributor.authorZawadzki, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGadd, PSen_AU
dc.contributor.authorFierro, Den_AU
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-18T00:05:44Zen_AU
dc.date.available2022-01-18T00:05:44Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2014-07-10en_AU
dc.date.statistics2021-11-04en_AU
dc.description.abstractThere has been considerable progress in tsunami research in recent years, yet most work has been focussed on identifying and understanding the evidence of large events. This talk discusses the evidence for small historical tsunamis in Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand. The study area has been inundated by numerous relatively small historical tsunamis without depositing any notable sedimentary evidence. However, excavations of shallow soil profiles revealed discontinuous layers of small grey mud clasts, most likely transported from the nearby harbour, at various depths across the study area. The origin of these mud clast layers was investigated using a multi-proxy approach comprising sedimentological, geochemical and diatom analyses complemented by radiometric dating and 179 historical data. Subtle variations consistent with inclusions of marine mud, such as a decrease in organic content and magnetic susceptibility and increases in geochemical markers (e.g. potassium, calcium) were found in the sedimentary profile. Variations in diatom assemblages suggesting marine influence were also recorded at similar depths, aligning with layers of mud clasts. Using 137Cs dating and historical data, these deposits were attributed to the 1960 Chile and possibly 1964 Alaska tsunamis. Sedimentary evidence for the 2010 Chile tsunami was not found at the study site, but geochemical analysis of surface samples revealed marked changes in calcium, chlorine, strontium and titanium concentrations, indicative of a change from terrestrial to marine influence. This was used to identify the landward extent of inundation. Ultimately, this study shows that a broad multi-proxy analysis can distinguish even the subtle signatures of an inconspicuous deposit laid down by a small tsunami.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationJudd, K., Chagué-Goff, C., Goff, J., Zawadzki, A., Gadd, P., & Fierro, D. (2014). Estimating the inundation limits of small historical tsunamis. Paper presented at the Australian Earth Sciences Convention 2014 (AESC 2014), 22nd Geological Convention, Newcastle NSW, 7-10 July 2014, (pp. 178-179). Retrieved from: http://aesc2014.gsa.org.au/assets/Various-reg-partner-opp-workshop-summ-/AESC-Abstract-Proceedings.pdfen_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceenddate10 July 2014en_AU
dc.identifier.conferencenameAustralian Earth Sciences Convention 2014, Newcastle NSW, AESC 2014. 22nd Geological Conventionen_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceplaceNewcastle, New South Walesen_AU
dc.identifier.conferencestartdate7 July 2014en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0729-011Xen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination178-179en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://aesc2014.gsa.org.au/assets/Various-reg-partner-opp-workshop-summ-/AESC-Abstract-Proceedings.pdfen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/12695en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherGeological Society of Australiaen_AU
dc.subjectTsunamisen_AU
dc.subjectNew Zealanden_AU
dc.subjectSedimentsen_AU
dc.subjectSoilsen_AU
dc.subjectHarborsen_AU
dc.subjectGeochemistryen_AU
dc.subjectCarbon 14en_AU
dc.titleEstimating the inundation limits of small historical tsunamisen_AU
dc.typeConference Abstracten_AU
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