Controlling oxygen defect formation and its effect on reversible symmetry lowering and disorder-to-order phase transformations in nonstoichiometric ternary uranium oxides

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dc.contributor.authorMurphy, GLen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWang, CHen_AU
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Zen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKowalski, PMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBeridze, Gen_AU
dc.contributor.authorAvdeev, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorMuránsky, Oen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBrand, HEAen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGu, QFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKennedy, BJen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-27T23:37:49Zen_AU
dc.date.available2021-06-27T23:37:49Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2019-04-09en_AU
dc.date.statistics2021-06-15en_AU
dc.description.abstractIn situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction measurements have demonstrated that the isostructural AUO4–x (A = alkaline earth metal cation) oxides CaUO4–x and α-Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x undergo a reversible phase transformation under reducing conditions at high temperatures associated with the ordering of in-plane oxygen vacancies resulting in the lowering of symmetry. When rhombohedral (space group R3̅m) CaUO4–x and α-Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x are heated to 450 and 400 °C, respectively, in a hydrogen atmosphere, they undergo a first-order phase transformation to a single phase structure which can be refined against a triclinic model in space group P1̅, δ-CaUO4–x and δ-Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x, where the oxygen vacancies are disordered initially. Continued heating results in the appearance of superlattice reflections, indicating the ordering of in-plane oxygen vacancies. Cooling ordered δ-CaUO4–x and δ-Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x to near room temperature results in the reformation of the disordered rhombohedral phases. Essential to the transformation is the generation of a critical amount of oxygen vacancies. Once these are formed, the transformation can be accessed continuously through thermal cycling, showing that the transformations are purely thermodynamic in origin. Stoichiometric structures of both oxides can be recovered by heating oxygen deficient CaUO4–x and α-Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x under pure oxygen to high temperatures. When heated in air, the amount of oxygen vacancy defects that form in CaUO4–x and α-Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x are found to correlate with the A site composition. The inclusion of the larger Sr2+ cation on the A site reduces defect–defect interactions, which increases the amount of defects that can form and lowers their formation temperature. The relative difference in the amount of defects that form can be understood on the basis of oxygen vacancy and U5+ disordering as shown by both ab initio calculations and estimated oxygen vacancy formation energies based on thermodynamic considerations. This difference in defect–defect interactions consequently introduces variations in the long-range ordered anionic lattice of the δ phases despite the isostructural relationship of the α structures of CaUO4–x and Sr0.4Ca0.6UO4–x. These results are discussed with respect to the influence the A site cation has upon anion defect formation and ordering and are also compared to δ-SrUO4–x, the only other material known to be able to undergo a reversible symmetry lowering and disorder-to-order transformation with increasing temperature. © 2019 American Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.identifier.citationMurphy, G. L., Wang, C.-H., Zhang, Z., Kowalski, P. M., Beridze, G., Avdeev, M., Muransky, O., Brand, H. E. A., Gu, Q.-F., & Kennedy, B. J. (2019). Controlling oxygen defect formation and its effect on reversible symmetry lowering and disorder-to-order phase transformations in nonstoichiometric ternary uranium oxides. Inorganic chemistry, 58(9), 6143-6154. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00406en_AU
dc.identifier.issn1520-510Xen_AU
dc.identifier.issue9en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleInorganic chemistryen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination6143-6154en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00406en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/10903en_AU
dc.identifier.volume58en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.subjectOxygenen_AU
dc.subjectPhase transformationsen_AU
dc.subjectStoichiometryen_AU
dc.subjectUraniumen_AU
dc.subjectOxidesen_AU
dc.subjectX-ray diffractionen_AU
dc.titleControlling oxygen defect formation and its effect on reversible symmetry lowering and disorder-to-order phase transformations in nonstoichiometric ternary uranium oxidesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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