Rapid changes in major ion chemistry of seawater and the end-permian mass extinction

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dc.contributor.authorLowenstein, TKen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGarcía-Veigas, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorCendón, DIen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGilbert Beotas, Len_AU
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-22T05:18:52Zen_AU
dc.date.available2024-02-22T05:18:52Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2017-10-22en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-02en_AU
dc.description.abstractThe end-Permian mass extinction is interpreted to have involved elevated global temperatures, ocean anoxia, ocean acidification, a disturbed sulfur cycle, and ocean euxinia. The same period also contains one of the largest accumulations of evaporites in the geologic record, including saline giants in the US, England, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Ukraine, and Russia. Here we show from fluid inclusions in marine halites that there was a major shift in seawater chemistry involving SO4and Ca which coincides with other global perturbations in seawater chemistry at the end-Permian and perhaps the mass extinction. Permian seawater, determined from the chemical compositions of fluid inclusions in marine halites from the North American Permian Basin (Kansas, Texas and New Mexico) and the Southern Permian Basin (Central Europe) shares chemical characteristics with modern seawater, including SO4 > Ca at the point of gypsum precipitation and evolution into a Mg-Na-K-SO4-Cl brine. An abrupt shift to Ca-rich fluid inclusions occurs in the Changhsingian Rustler Formation of New Mexico over 1.5 meter of stratigraphic section and in the Changhsingian Zechstein Cycle Na2 and basal Na3 Cycle of Poland. Such an abrupt shift in the major ion chemistry of seawater in two basins at about the same time is unusual because the residence times of SO4 and Ca in seawater are 10 m.y. and 1 m.y., respectively. Changes in the major ion chemistry of seawater are well known to occur over periods of 106 to 107 years, so the end-Permian seawater chemistry shift indicates some catastrophic process. The shift from sulfate-rich to calcium-rich brines coincides with a marked drop in δ34S in Zechstein and Rustler anhydrite, which suggests a link between changes in the major ion chemistry of seawater and perturbations in the sulfur cycle. These changes are interpreted to have been caused by overturn of anoxic sulfidic deep-waters from the Panthalassan superocean during the Changhsingian stage which may have coincided with the end-Permian mass extinction.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationLowenstein, T. K., García-Veigas, J., Cendón, D. I.. & Gilbert Beotas, L. (2017). Rapid changes in major ion chemistry of seawater and the end-permian mass extinction. Paper present to the GSA Annual meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA, October 22-25, 2017. Retrieved from: https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2017AM/webprogram/Paper299971.htmlen_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceenddate2017-10-25en_AU
dc.identifier.conferencenameGSA Annual meetingen_AU
dc.identifier.conferenceplaceSeattle, Washingtonen_AU
dc.identifier.conferencestartdate2017-10-22en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0016-7592en_AU
dc.identifier.issue6en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleGeological Society of America Abstracts with Programsen_AU
dc.identifier.otherSession No, 217en_AU
dc.identifier.placeofpublicationBoulder, Coloradoen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-299971en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15388en_AU
dc.identifier.volume49en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherGeological Society of Americaen_AU
dc.relation.urihttps://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2017AM/webprogram/Paper299971.htmlen_AU
dc.subjectPermian Basinen_AU
dc.subjectTexasen_AU
dc.subjectKansasen_AU
dc.subjectNew Mexicoen_AU
dc.subjectEuropeen_AU
dc.subjectSeawateren_AU
dc.subjectChemistryen_AU
dc.subjectBiological extinctionen_AU
dc.subjectStratigraphyen_AU
dc.subjectGypsumen_AU
dc.subjectPolanden_AU
dc.titleRapid changes in major ion chemistry of seawater and the end-permian mass extinctionen_AU
dc.typeConference Presentationen_AU
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