Characterization of energy materials with X‑ray absorption spectroscopy-advantages, challenges, and opportunities

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dc.contributor.authorKerr, BVen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKing, HJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGaribello, CFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorDissanayake, PRen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSimonov, ANen_AU
dc.contributor.authorJohannessen, Ben_AU
dc.contributor.authorEldridge, DSen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHocking, RKen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-06T00:03:15Zen_AU
dc.date.available2025-03-06T00:03:15Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2022-02-15en_AU
dc.date.statistics2025-02-19en_AU
dc.description.abstractX-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) plays a critical role in the characterization of energy materials, including thin-film electrocatalysts and battery materials. XAS is well-suited for this purpose because it is element-specific and can target distinct chemical environments within a material, even in a mixed or complicated matrix. Even so, some key energy materials are far from "ideal" XAS samples. This means that both sample preparation and experimental conditions need to be considered when collecting and interpreting data to ensure that conclusions are correct. This review outlines some of the key questions that an XAS experiment is well-suited to answering, including speciation of amorphous materials, understanding how multi-metal systems interact, and the different ways that we may observe single atoms. In addition, we show how XAS can be highly complementary to other analytical techniques in developing a full picture of a material over different scale bars. Importantly, we also examine instances where the sample matrix can distort XAS data, show an example where bond-length disorder can be confused with a change in the coordination number, and discuss some of the advantages and challenges of in situ electrocatalysis. Finally, we examine the future role that XAS will play in innovations in energy materials. © 2022 American Chemical Society.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipParts of this research were undertaken on the XAS beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, part of the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). Rosalie K. Hocking acknowledges Swinburne University of Technology for a Women in STEM Fellowship and the Australian Research Council for funding through IITC Surface Engineering for Advanced Matierals. Brittany V. Kerr acknowledges both Swinburne University of Technology for a Research Training Program Stipend (RTPS) and the Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering (AINSE, Ltd.) for their Residential Student Scholarship (RSS). Hannah J. King acknowledges James Cook University for a RTPS Scholarship (for Ph.D. work) and the IMCRC for postdoctoral work. C. Felipe Garibello acknowledges Swinburne University of Technology for a Swinburne University Postgraduate Award (SUPRA). Alexandr N. Simonov acknowledges the financial support of the Australian Research Council through the Centre of Excellence in Electromaterials Science (CE140100012) and Future Fellowship (FT200100317). Rosalie K. Hocking and Alexandr N. Simonov acknowledge financial support through the Discovery Project (DP200101878). Bernt Johannessen acknowledges that Figure 7a herein represents the first published data from continuous (“slew”) scanning mode data collection at the XAS Beamline in Melbourne, and the XAS Beamline and her user community thank Ben Baldwinson (Senior Controls Systems Engineer, ANSTO), Letizia Sammut (Senior Scientific Software Engineer, ANSTO), and their respective teams for the design and implementation.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationKerr, B. V., King, H. J., Garibello, C. F., Dissanayake, P. R., Simonov, A. N., Johannessen, B., Eldridge, D. S., & Hocking, R. K. (2022). Characterization of energy materials with X-ray absorption spectroscopy─advantages, challenges, and opportunities. Energy & Fuels, 36(5), 2369-2389. doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c04072en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0887-0624en_AU
dc.identifier.issn1520-5029en_AU
dc.identifier.issue5en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleEnergy & Fuelsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination2369-2389en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c04072en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/16014en_AU
dc.identifier.volume36en_AU
dc.languageEnglishen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.subjectMaterialsen_AU
dc.subjectSpectroscopyen_AU
dc.subjectAbsorptionen_AU
dc.subjectThin Filmsen_AU
dc.subjectElectrocatalystsen_AU
dc.subjectChemistryen_AU
dc.subjectEnergyen_AU
dc.subjectAmorphous stateen_AU
dc.subjectNanocrystalsen_AU
dc.titleCharacterization of energy materials with X‑ray absorption spectroscopy-advantages, challenges, and opportunitiesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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