Spatiotemporal patterns of wheat response to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in asymptomatic regions revealed by transcriptomic and x-ray fluorescence microscopy analyses

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dc.contributor.authorMoolhuijzen, Pen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSanglard, LMVPen_AU
dc.contributor.authorPaterson, DJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGray, SAen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKhambatta, Ken_AU
dc.contributor.authorHackett, MJen_AU
dc.contributor.authorZerihun, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGibberd, MRen_AU
dc.contributor.authorNaim, Fen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-15T03:08:36Zen_AU
dc.date.available2024-11-15T03:08:36Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2023-08-17en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-11-08en_AU
dc.description.abstractPathogen attacks elicit dynamic and widespread molecular responses in plants. While our understanding of plant responses has advanced considerably, little is known of the molecular responses in the asymptomatic ‘green’ regions adjoining lesions. Here, we explore gene expression data and high-resolution elemental imaging to report the spatiotemporal changes in the asymptomatic green region of susceptible and moderately resistant wheat cultivars infected with a necrotrophic fungal pathogen, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. We show, with improved spatiotemporal resolution, that calcium oscillations are modified in the susceptible cultivar, resulting in ‘frozen’ host defence signals at the mature disease stage, and silencing of the host’s recognition and defence mechanisms that would otherwise protect it from further attacks. In contrast, calcium accumulation and a heightened defence response were observed in the moderately resistant cultivar in the later stage of disease development. Furthermore, in the susceptible interaction, the asymptomatic green region was unable to recover after disease disruption. Our targeted sampling technique also enabled detection of eight previously predicted proteinaceous effectors in addition to the known ToxA effector. Collectively, our results highlight the benefits of spatially resolved molecular analysis and nutrient mapping to provide high-resolution spatiotemporal snapshots of host–pathogen interactions, paving the way for disentangling complex disease interactions in plants. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.en_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipWe thank the Australian grain growers for their continued support of research through the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) and the Australian Government National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS) for providing access to Pawsey Supercomputing, Nectar Research and Pawsey Nimbus Cloud resources under the National Computational Merit Allocation Scheme (NCMAS) and Pawsey Partner schemes. Part of this research was undertaken on the X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, part of ANSTO. We also thank the Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering (AINSE) for an Early Career Researcher Grant (ECRG) awarded to FM, and Dr Suman Rakshit for help with Digger code to randomize treatments in the glasshouse. We would also like to acknowledge the valuable sequencing consultations with Professor Alka Saxena (Genomics WA, Perth, Western Australia), Craig White for the supply of fungicide, and John Jackson for assistance with the glasshouse set up.en_AU
dc.format.mediumPrinten_AU
dc.identifier.citationMoolhuijzen, P., Sanglard, L. M. V. P., Paterson, D. J., Gray, S., Khambatta, K., Hackett, M. J., Zerihun, A., Gibberd, M. R., & Naim, F. (2023). Spatiotemporal patterns of wheat response to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in asymptomatic regions revealed by transcriptomic and x-ray fluorescence microscopy analyses. Journal of Experimental Botany, 74(15), 4707-4720. doi:10.1093/jxb/erad183en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0022-0957en_AU
dc.identifier.issn1460-2431en_AU
dc.identifier.issue15en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Experimental Botanyen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination4707-4720en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erad183en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15754en_AU
dc.identifier.volume74en_AU
dc.languageEnglishen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherOxford University Press (OUP)en_AU
dc.subjectWheaten_AU
dc.subjectFluorescenceen_AU
dc.subjectMicroscopyen_AU
dc.subjectPathogensen_AU
dc.subjectPlantsen_AU
dc.subjectResolutionen_AU
dc.subjectCalciumen_AU
dc.subjectX-ray fluorescence analysisen_AU
dc.subjectDiseasesen_AU
dc.titleSpatiotemporal patterns of wheat response to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in asymptomatic regions revealed by transcriptomic and x-ray fluorescence microscopy analysesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
dcterms.dateAccepted2023-05-17en_AU
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