Regulating single-crystal LiNiO2 size and surface coating toward a high-capacity cathode for lithium-ion batteries

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dc.contributor.authorLee, DHen_AU
dc.contributor.authorAvdeev, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorKim, DIen_AU
dc.contributor.authorShin, WHen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHong, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKim, MKen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-27T04:26:44Zen_AU
dc.date.available2025-06-27T04:26:44Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2023-05-03en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-04-18en_AU
dc.description.abstractSingle crystals recently received a great deal of attention because the stabilities of cathode materials are improved. One of the major drawbacks of the single-crystal cathodes is that their achievable capacity is lower than that of the same composition polycrystalline cathodes. Although it is widely accepted that the large crystal size of single-crystal cathodes might be the main reason for their low capacity, a systematic study to verify all possible rationales is absent. In this work, we regulated the crystal size of a single-crystal LiNiO2 to investigate its relation to capacity for the first time. It was established that among the sizes studied, a 400 nm-sized single crystal LiNiO2 achieved high capacity, ∼240 mA h/g at 0.1 C, which is comparable to that of its polycrystalline counterpart. It is the first report that such a high capacity is obtained in a single crystal. Also, in our results, with increasing crystal size, a capacity decline was recorded as expected. Interestingly, it is first found that capacity loss occurs only in the high-lithium-composition region (x > 0.8 in LixNiO2), and polarization becomes high only in the same region upon increasing crystal size. This implies that kinetics of the region is significantly affected by the crystal size. Also, high capacity can be achieved in large single-crystal LixNiO2 once the region's kinetics is optimized. In terms of capacity retention, large single-crystal LiNiO2 exhibits the highest stability. Accordingly, high capacity can be achieved when the crystal size is reduced by trading-off its cycling stability. In order to achieve both high capacity and stability, LiF surface coating was conducted on the small single-crystal LiNiO2. It was shown that the LiF coating can effectively protect against capacity degradation, and the capacity retention by such small single-crystal LiNiO2 can be made even better than that of large crystal LiNiO2. Therefore, both high capacity and cycle retention were achieved in single-crystal LiNiO2 by reducing its crystal size and LiF surface coating. © 2024 American Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (2022R1C1C101154311) and the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) grant funded by the Korea Government (MOTIE) (P0012451).en_AU
dc.identifier.citationLee, D.-h., Avdeev, M., Kim, D.-i., Shin, W. H., Hong, J., & Kim, M. (2023). Regulating single-crystal LiNiO2 size and surface coating toward a high-capacity cathode for lithium-ion batteries. ACS Applied Energy Materials, 6(10), 5309-5317. doi:10.1021/acsaem.3c00275en_AU
dc.identifier.issn2574-0962en_AU
dc.identifier.issue10en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleACS Applied Energy Materialsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination5309-5317en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.3c00275en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/16210en_AU
dc.identifier.volume6en_AU
dc.languageEnglishen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen_AU
dc.subjectLithium ion batteriesen_AU
dc.subjectCathodesen_AU
dc.subjectSurface coatingen_AU
dc.subjectCapacityen_AU
dc.subjectLithium fluoridesen_AU
dc.subjectMonocrystalsen_AU
dc.subjectCrystal structureen_AU
dc.subjectElectrodesen_AU
dc.subjectStabilityen_AU
dc.titleRegulating single-crystal LiNiO2 size and surface coating toward a high-capacity cathode for lithium-ion batteriesen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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