Performance evaluation of a whole-body prototype PET scanner with four-layer DOI detectors

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dc.contributor.authorAkamatsu, Gen_AU
dc.contributor.authorTashima, Hen_AU
dc.contributor.authorIwao, Yen_AU
dc.contributor.authorWakizaka, Hen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMaeda, Ten_AU
dc.contributor.authorMohammadi, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorTakyu, Sen_AU
dc.contributor.authorNitta, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorNishikido, Fen_AU
dc.contributor.authorRutherford, Hen_AU
dc.contributor.authorChacon, Aen_AU
dc.contributor.authorSafavi-Naeini, Men_AU
dc.contributor.authorYoshida, Een_AU
dc.contributor.authorYamaya, Ten_AU
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-10T01:49:49Zen_AU
dc.date.available2025-01-10T01:49:49Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2019-04-29en_AU
dc.date.statistics2024-10-30en_AU
dc.description.abstractParallax error caused by the detector crystal thickness degrades spatial resolution at the peripheral regions of the field-of-view (FOV) of a scanner. To resolve this issue, depth-of-interaction (DOI) measurement is a promising solution to improve the spatial resolution and its uniformity over the entire FOV. Even though DOI detectors have been used in dedicated systems with a small ring diameter such as for the human brain, breast and small animals, the use of DOI detectors for a large bore whole-body PET system has not been demonstrated yet. We have developed a four-layered DOI detector, and its potential for a brain dedicated system has been proven in our previous development. In the present work, we investigated the use of the four-layer DOI detector for a large bore PET system by developing the world's first whole-body prototype. We evaluated its performance characteristics in accordance with the NEMA NU 2 standard. Furthermore, the impact of incorporating DOI information was evaluated with the NEMA NU 4 image quality phantom. Point source images were reconstructed with a filtered back projection (FBP), and an average spatial resolution of 5.2 ± 0.7 mm was obtained. For the FBP image, the four-layer DOI information improved the radial spatial resolution by 48% at the 20 cm offset position. The peak noise-equivalent count rate (NECR) was 22.9 kcps at 7.4 kBq ml-1 and the scatter fraction was 44%. The system sensitivity was 5.9 kcps MBq-1. For the NEMA NU 2 image quality phantom, the 10 mm sphere was clearly visualized without any artifacts. For the NEMA NU 4 image quality phantom, we measured the phantom at 0, 10 and 20 cm offset positions. As a result, we found the image with four-layer DOI could visualize the 2 mm-diameter hot cylinder although it could not be recognized on the image without DOI. The average improvements in the recovery coefficients for the five hot rods (1-5 mm) were 0.3%, 4.4% and 26.3% at the 0, 10 and 20 cm offset positions, respectively (except for the 1 mm-diameter rod at the 20 cm offset position). Although several practical issues (such as adding end-shields) remain to be addressed before the scanner is ready for clinical use, we showed that the four-layer DOI technology provided higher and more uniform spatial resolution over the FOV and improved contrast for small uptake regions located at the peripheral FOV, which could improve detectability of small and distal lesions such as nodal metastases, especially in obese patients. © 2019 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.en_AU
dc.format.mediumElectronicen_AU
dc.identifier.articlenumber095014en_AU
dc.identifier.citationAkamatsu, G., Tashima, H., Iwao, Y., Wakizaka, H., Maeda, T., Mohammadi, A., Takyu, S., Nitta, M., Nishikido, F., Rutherford, H., Chacon, A., Safavi-Naeini, M., Yoshida, E., & Yamaya, T. (2019). Performance evaluation of a whole-body prototype PET scanner with four-layer DOI detectors. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 64(9), 095014. doi:10.1088/1361-6560/ab18b2en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0031-9155en_AU
dc.identifier.issn1361-6560en_AU
dc.identifier.issue9en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitlePhysics in Medicine and Biologyen_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ab18b2en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/handle/10238/15893en_AU
dc.identifier.volume64en_AU
dc.languageengen_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherIOP Publishingen_AU
dc.subjectCrystalsen_AU
dc.subjectAnimalsen_AU
dc.subjectBrainen_AU
dc.subjectResolutionen_AU
dc.subjectImagesen_AU
dc.subjectSpatial resolutionen_AU
dc.subjectPositron computed tomographyen_AU
dc.subjectImagesen_AU
dc.subjectCrystalsen_AU
dc.subjectGeometryen_AU
dc.titlePerformance evaluation of a whole-body prototype PET scanner with four-layer DOI detectorsen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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