The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)

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dc.contributor.authorMcDonough, LKen_AU
dc.contributor.authorMeredith, KTen_AU
dc.contributor.authorNikagolla, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBanati, RBen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-10T00:02:31Zen_AU
dc.date.available2023-02-10T00:02:31Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2021-01-04en_AU
dc.date.statistics2022-11-21en_AU
dc.descriptionOpen Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.en_AU
dc.description.abstractPoor drinking water quality in household wells is hypothesised as being a potential contributor to the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu) among the farming communities of the Medawachchiya area, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. One of the natural processes that can affect water quality is the dissolution of minerals contained within an aquifer by water–rock interactions (WRIs). Here we present a comprehensive assessment of WRIs and their influence on the water chemistry in household wells and spring waters in the Medawachchiya area by combining measurements of environmental isotopes, such as strontium, lithium and stable carbon isotopes and inorganic chemistry parameters, and modelling geochemical mass balance reactions between rainfall and groundwater samples. Our results reveal the presence of strontium, dissolved from both silicate and carbonate minerals, with high isotopic (87Sr/86Sr) ratios of up to 0.7316. Geochemical mass balance modelling and prior 87Sr/86Sr studies on the Wanni Complex bedrock suggest these strontium values may be the result of biotite dissolution. We also identify lithium and uranium contributed from the dissolution of silicates, albeit at concentrations too low to constitute a known health risk. In contrast, the levels of magnesium and calcium in our samples are high and demonstrate that, despite the felsic bedrock, well water chemistry in the Medawachchiya area is dominated by carbonate dissolution. © 2021 The Authorsen_AU
dc.description.sponsorshipThis project was funded by the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and ANSTO.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationMcDonough, L. K., Meredith, K. T., Nikagolla, C., & Banati, R. B. (2021). The influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu). npj clean water, 4(1), 1-9. doi:10.1038/s41545-020-00092-0en_AU
dc.identifier.issn2059-7037en_AU
dc.identifier.issue1en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitlenpj clean wateren_AU
dc.identifier.pagination1-9en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-020-00092-0en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/14639en_AU
dc.identifier.volume4en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen_AU
dc.subjectAquifersen_AU
dc.subjectWateren_AU
dc.subjectWellsen_AU
dc.subjectKidneysen_AU
dc.subjectDiseasesen_AU
dc.subjectGeochemistryen_AU
dc.subjectHydrologyen_AU
dc.subjectSri Lankaen_AU
dc.titleThe influence of water–rock interactions on household well water in an area of high prevalence chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu)en_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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