The timing and nature of the last glacial cycle in New Zealand

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dc.contributor.authorShulmeister, Jen_AU
dc.contributor.authorThackray, GDen_AU
dc.contributor.authorRittenour, TMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorFink, Den_AU
dc.contributor.authorPatton, NRen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-16T21:24:34Zen_AU
dc.date.available2021-12-16T21:24:34Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2019-02-15en_AU
dc.date.statistics2021-11-16en_AU
dc.description.abstractThis paper constitutes a review of the last (Otiran) glaciation in New Zealand, spanning marine isotope stages (MIS) 4-2. We highlight the nature of glaciation, which is characterised by exceptional sedimentation, relatively mild maritime climatic conditions and the widespread presence of water associated with proglacial settings. These conditions produce glacial systems characterised by extensive outwash fans and relatively small terminal moraines. Extensive recent geochronological work allows us to recognise at least eight glacial advances during the Otiran. These occurred at 65 ± 3.25ka, 47.5 ± 3 ka, 38.5 ± 2 ka, 31.5 ± 3 ka, 26.5 ± 2 ka, 20.5 ± 2 ka, 17 ± 2 ka and 13 ± 1 ka, which we term the Otira 1 to 8 advances, respectively. Though the analytical uncertainty ranges for some of these advances overlap, all are independently distinguished through moraine morphologic relationships and/or stratigraphic relationships in outcrop. Major advances appear to be associated with climate influences such as periods of Southern Hemisphere insolation minima (65ka, and 31.5 ka advances), the last glacial maximum cooling (LGM) (20.5 ka) and periods of Antarctic cooling (13ka). The timing of greatest glacial extent in the last glacial cycle is not simultaneous across New Zealand. The MIS 4 advance was the greatest in the southern South Island, while the MIS 3/2 advances (26.5 ka) were greatest in the central South Island. In the northern South Island and the North Island, MIS 4, MIS 3/2, and the last glacial maximum appear to be equivalent in extent. We attribute these spatio-temporal variations in the timing of maximum glaciation to precipitation changes related to a northward shift in the track of the westerlies. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationShulmeister, J., Thackray, G. D., Rittenour, T. M., Fink, D., Patton, N. R. (2019). The timing and nature of the last glacial cycle in New Zealand. Quaternary Science Reviews, 206, 1-20. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.020en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0277-3791en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleQuaternary Science Reviewsen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination1-20en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.020en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttps://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/12508en_AU
dc.identifier.volume206en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevieren_AU
dc.subjectNew Zealanden_AU
dc.subjectPaleoclimatologyen_AU
dc.subjectIsotope datingen_AU
dc.subjectMountainsen_AU
dc.subjectGlaciersen_AU
dc.subjectSouthern Hemisphereen_AU
dc.subjectClimatic changeen_AU
dc.subjectMorainesen_AU
dc.titleThe timing and nature of the last glacial cycle in New Zealanden_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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