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Browsing Book Chapters by Subject "ANSTO"

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    Cultural heritage project at Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO)
    (Springer Nature, 2022-01-25) Salvemini, F; White, R; Levchenko, VA; Smith, AM; Pastuovic, Z; Stopic, A; Luzin, V; Tobin, MJ; Puskar, L; Howard, DL; Davis, J; Avdeev, M; Gatenby, S; Kim, MJ; Grazzi, F; Sheedy, K; Olsen, SR; Raymond, CA; Lord, C; Richards, C; Bevitt, JJ; Popelka-Filcoff, RS; Lenehan, CE; Ives, S; Dredge, P; Yip, A; Brookhouse, MT; Austin, AG
    The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO) is the home of Australia’s most significant landmark and national infrastructure for research. ANSTO operates one of the world’s most modern nuclear research reactors, OPAL; a comprehensive suite of neutron beam instruments; the Australian Synchrotron; the Electron Microscope Facility; and the Center for Accelerator Science. Over the years, the suite of nuclear methods available across ANSTO’s campuses has been increasingly applied to study a wide range of heritage materials. Since 2015 the strategic research project on cultural heritage was initiated in order to promote access to ANSTO’s capabilities and expertise, unique in the region, by cultural institution and researchers. This chapter offers a compendium of ANSTO nuclear capabilities most frequently applied to cultural heritage research. A series of innovative, interdisciplinary, and multi-technique studies conducted in close collaboration with Australian museums, institutions, and universities is also showcased. It includes research on dating Aboriginal Australian rock art and fingerprinting the sources of ochre pigments; rediscovering the technological knowledge in the making of early coinage and ancient weapons; virtually unwrapping the content of votive mummies from ancient Egypt; and investigating and restoring the original layer of a painting that can be explored by the museum audience in a novel type of exhibition based on an immersive, interactive, and virtual environment. © 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
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    Data report: Radiocarbon dating and sedimentation rates for Holocene-upper Pleistocene sediments, eastern equatorial pacific and Peru continental margin
    (International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP), 2006-06-19) Skilbeck, CG; Fink, D
    As part of a wider paleoclimate and paleoceanographic study of Holocene–upper Pleistocene laminated sediments from the eastern equatorial Pacific and Peru continental margin, we completed 32 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates from cores recovered during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 201. Sample preparation and measurement were carried out at the ANTARES AMS facility, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), in Sydney, Australia (Lawson et al., 2000; Fink et al., 2004). Although the sediments are predominantly diatomaceous oozes (D'Hondt, Jørgensen, Miller, et al., 2003), they contain sufficient inorganic (e.g., foraminifer tests and nannofossil plates) and organic (Meister et al., this volume) carbon to allow 14C dating. These dates permitted us to reconstruct a history of sediment accumulation over the past 20 k.y., particularly on the Peru continental margin.
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    The OPAL Research Reactor
    (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2021) Vittorio, D; Summerfield, MV
    The major nuclear research and development activities in Australia, including the operation of infrastructure and businesses associated with these activities, are conducted by the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO). ANSTO’s current operations are primarily based around large-scale scientific infrastructure supporting the production of radio-isotopes, particularly for health and medicine and the safe and secure management of radioactive wastes. The most important piece of nuclear infrastructure in Australia is the OPAL research reactor, which is multi-purpose by design with its main applications being neutron beams for research and irradiation of many different materials, some of which allow manufacture of radioisotopes for health and medicine. OPAL is a key part of the supply chain for the manufacture of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals for the health sector and other radioisotopes for a number of other industrial and research sectors. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.