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ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 8.3. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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    A high‐capacity benzoquinone derivative anode for all‐organic long‐cycle aqueous proton batteries
    (Wiley, 2024-10-10) Wu, SC; Taylor, MW; Guo, HC; Wang, SH; Han, C; Vongsvivut, JP; Meyer, Q; Sun, Q; Ho, JM; Zhao, C
    Quinone compounds, with the ability to uptake protons, are promising electrodes for aqueous batteries. However, their applications are limited by the mediocre working potential range and inferior rate performance. Herein, we examined quinones bearing different substituents, and for the first time introduce tetraamino‐1,4‐benzoquinone (TABQ) as anode material for proton batteries. The strong electron‐donating amino groups can effectively narrow the band gap and lower the redox potentials of quinone materials. The protonation of amino groups and the amorphization of structure result in the formation of an intermolecular hydrogen‐bond network, supporting Grotthuss‐type proton conduction in the electrode with a low activation energy of 192.7 meV. The energy storage mechanism revealed by operando FT‐IR and ex situ XPS features a reversible quinone‐hydroquinone conversion during cycling. TABQ demonstrates a remarkable specific capacity of 307 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 , which is one of the highest among organic proton electrodes. An all‐organic proton battery of TABQ//TCBQ has also been developed, achieving exceptional stability of 3500 cycles at room temperature and excellent performance at sub‐zero temperature. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH
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    Incorporating transition metal ions into uranium oxide hydrates: the role of Zn(II) and the effect of the addition of Cs(I) Ions
    (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2024-09-10) Ablott, TA; Lu, KT; Zhang, YJ
    The synthesis of two zinc-bearing uranium oxide hydrate (UOH) materials has been achieved, and their crystal structures, obtained via single-crystal X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation, and additional structural and spectroscopic properties are reported herein. Although both structures incorporate Zn2+ cations, the two differ significantly. The compound Zn2(OH)2(H2O)5[(UO2)10UO14(H2O)3] (UOHF-Zn), forming a framework-type structure in the P1̅ space group, was composed of β-U3O8 layers pillared by uranyl polyhedra, with the Zn2+ cations incorporated within the framework channels. In contrast, the compound Cs2Zn(H2O)4[(UO2)4O3(OH)4]2·3H2O (UOH-Zn) crystallized in the Cmc21 space group with a schoepite-like uranyl oxide hydroxide layered topology and both Zn2+ and Cs+ cations making up the interlayer species. The apparent driving force for the differences in the structures was the change from KOH to CsOH during synthesis, with the smaller K+ ions excluded in lieu of a higher proportion of Zn2+ (U/Zn ratio of 5.5:1) in UOHF-Zn, whereas in UOH-Zn, the larger Cs+ ions were preferentially incorporated at the expense of fewer Zn2+ cations (U/Cs/Zn ratio of 8:2:1). Highlighted in this work is the effect of the chemical species and, in particular, their ionic radius on UOH formation, further improving the understanding of UO2 alteration in the setting of deep geological repositories. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Open Access CC BY 4.0.
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    Surface transfer doping of oxidised silicon-terminated (111) diamond using MoO3
    (Elsevier, 2023-03) Oslinker, B; Hoxley, D; Tadich, A; Stacey, A; Yianni, S; Griffin, R; Gill, E; Pakes, CI; Schenk, AK
    High-resolution core-level photoemission and Kelvin probe was used to examine surface transfer doping of oxidised silicon-terminated (111) diamond with the molecular acceptor MoO3. A downward shift in the Fermi level position, relative to the diamond valence band maximum, commensurate with p-type surface doping was observed only for MoO3 coverages in the range 0.2–0.6 ML and above. For lower MoO3 coverages the appearance of distinct charge states of MoO3 is ascribed to electron transfer from surface charge traps with an estimated density in the range 1–3 × 1013 cm−2. Atomic force microscopy imaging suggests significant disorder of the surface compared to similarly prepared (100) diamond surfaces. © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Isotopic composition and origin of uranium and plutonium in selected soil samples collected in Kosovo
    (Elsevier, 2003) Danesi, PR; Bleise, A; Burkart, W; Cabianca, T; Campbell, MJ; Makarewicz, M; Moreno, J; Tuniz, C; Hotchkis, M
    Soil samples collected from locations in Kosovo where depleted uranium (DU) ammunition was expended during the 1999 Balkan conflict were analysed for uranium and plutonium isotopes content (234U, 235U, 236U, 238U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu). The analyses were conducted using gamma spectrometry (235U, 238U), alpha spectrometry (238Pu, 239+240Pu), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP - MS) (234U, 235U, 236U, 238U) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) (236U). The results indicated that whenever the U concentration exceeded the normal environmental values (∼2 to 3 mg/kg) the increase was due to DU contamination. 236U was also present in the released DU at a constant ratio of 236U (mg/kg)/238U (mg/kg)=2.6×10-5, indicating that the DU used in the ammunition was from a batch that had been irradiated and then reprocessed. The plutonium concentration in the soil (undisturbed) was about 1 Bq/kg and, on the basis of the measured 238Pu/239+240Pu, could be entirely attributed to the fallout of the nuclear weapon tests of the 1960s (no appreciable contribution from DU). © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Multidisciplinary discovery of ancient restoration using a rare mud carapace on a mummified individual from late New Kingdom Egypt
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021-03-02) Sowada, K; Power, RK; Jacobsen, GE; Murphy, T; McClymont, A; Bertuch, F; Jenkinson, A; Carruthers, J; Magnussen, J
    CT scans of an unnamed mummified adult from Egypt, now in the Chau Chak Wing Museum, University of Sydney (NMR.27.3), reveal it to be fully sheathed in a mud shell or carapace, exposing a mortuary treatment not previously documented in the Egyptian archaeological record. The carapace was placed between layers of linen wrappings thus it was not externally visible. Radiocarbon dating of textile samples provide a range of c.1370–1113 cal BC (95.4% probability), with a median date of 1207 cal BC. When assessed against mummification techniques of the era, the individual is placed in the late 19th–20th Dynasty, at the later end of this date range. Multi-proxy analysis including μ-XRF and Raman spectroscopy of carapace fragments from the head area revealed it to consist of three layers, comprising a thin base layer of mud, coated with a white calcite-based pigment and a red-painted surface of mixed composition. Whether the whole surface of the carapace was painted red is unknown. The carapace was a form of ancient conservation applied subsequent to post-mortem damage to the body, intended to reconfigure the body and enable continued existence of the deceased in the afterlife. The carapace can also be interpreted as a form of elite emulation imitating resin shells found within the wrappings of royal bodies from this period. © 2021 Sowada et al.