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ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 8.3. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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Recent Submissions

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    Texture, porosity and diagenesis - a Marcellus Shale case study
    (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2016-05-02) Delle Piane, C; Luzin, V; Bourdet, J; Dewhurst, DN; Raven, M
    Marcellus Shale samples were used to quantify mineralogy and texture, evaluate the abundance and thermal maturity of organic matter, describe porosity and interpret the diagenetic history of this post-mature shale-gas reservoir. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted comprising X-ray diffraction to quantify the mineralogy, neutron diffraction to quantify the texture of the rock-forming minerals, electron microscopy to visualise porosity in the shale and distinguish between detrital and diagenetic phases and Raman spectroscopy to quantify thermal transformation in the organic matter. Results indicate that the samples are composed of quartz, illite, calcite, chlorite, albite, and pyrite with a total organic content ranging between 3 and 7 wt %. There is a significant crystallographic preferred orientation in the diagenetic illite and calcite that can be well modelled assuming transverse isotropy; quartz shows random texture. Nano sized pores are observed within the organic matter as well as at mineral junctions. Raman geothermometry indicate that the sediment witnessed maximum temperatures of approximately 250°C commensurate with the high optical reflectance (R0 > 4.5%) reported on the same material. This and the analysis of illite cristallinity indicate that the Marcellus Shale has been exposed to prehnite-pumpellyite metamorphic facies and a maximum burial depth of 6-8 km. © EAGE Publications BV
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    Australia’s external ion microbeam irradiation facility for space radiation effects testing.
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2022-10-07) Peracchi, S; Pastuovic, Z; Drury, R; Paneras, N; Button, DT; Mann, M; Cohen, DD; Oldfield, DT; Lu, K; Bedford, A; Short, KT; Williams, JB; Guatelli, S; Rosenfeld, AB; Brenner, CM
    The new external ion microbeam irradiation facility at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology organisation (ANSTO) Centre for Accelerator Science (CAS) is presented. The CAS Heavy Ion Microprobe on the 10 MV ANTARES accelerator was recently upgraded with an enclosed chamber in air at ambient temperature and pressure. The chamber is the first one in Australia dedicated to the testing of electronic components, particularly Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS), for space qualification with ion microbeams. Post commissioning, GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation capabilities were established to evaluate the Linear Energy Transfer (LET) and dose rate profile for ions. Proton beams with energy up to 9 MeV were simulated while propagating through the chamber and the COTS chips of interest. The encapsulation was etched to a minimal thickness to allow ions penetration into the silicon sensitive volume. Irradiation with 9 MeV protons were performed on a large number of COTS, allowing the investigation of Total Ionizing Dose (TID) and Single Event Effects (SEE) were investigated. The facility, the GEANT4 simulation, the in-house readout system, and the preliminary results are discussed in this paper. Our latest etching capability for removal of the surface encapsulation is also presented, together with material characterisation of the samples by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.
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    Effect of post-synthesis processing on the electrochemical performance of Y2W3O12
    (American Chemical Society, 2023-02-13) Mittal, U; Teusner, M; Brand, HEA; Mata, JP; Kundu, D; Sharma, N
    Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are enabling the uptake of electric vehicles and providing grid-scale storage solutions for renewable energy generation. However, it is vital to develop new and advanced electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries to meet various applied considerations such as cost, safety, toxicity, and performance. Here, solid-state synthesized Y2W3O12 is demonstrated as a high-rate active anode material in lithium-ion batteries, producing an initial discharge capacity of 637 mAh/g although with a very poor initial Coulombic efficiency of 35%. To improve the performance, simple post-synthetic milling and carbon coating are investigated. Carbon coating of the material leads to significant performance enhancement in both the unmilled and milled samples. For instance, the unmilled carbon coated electrodes maintained a high capacity of ∼140 mAh/g at 1600 mA/g after 2000 cycles with no capacity fading from cycle 200 to 2000. Such a remarkable rate performance and an excellent long-term cycling stability showcase the great potential of this unconventional electrode material in fast-charge and high-power applications. This facile post-synthesis process can be easily applied to other electrode material candidates to enhance their electrochemical performance. © 2023 American Chemical Society.
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    Low temperature magnetic properties of Nd2Ru2O7
    (IOP Publishing, 2018-03-19) Ku, ST; Kumar, D; Lees, MR; Lee, WT; Aldus, RJ; Studer, AJ; Imperia, P; Asai, S; Masuda, T; Chen, SW; Chen, JM; Chang, LJ
    We present magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and neutron diffraction measurements of polycrystalline Nd2Ru2O7 down to 0.4 K. Three anomalies in the magnetic susceptibility measurements at 146, 21 and 1.8 K are associated with an antiferromagnetic ordering of the Ru4+ moments, a weak ferromagnetic signal attributed to a canting of the Ru4+ and Nd3+ moments, and a long-range-ordering of the Nd3+ moments, respectively. The long-range order of the Nd3+ moments was observed in all the measurements, indicating that the ground state of the compound is not a spin glass. The magnetic entropy of Rln2 accumulated up to 5 K, suggests the Nd3+ has a doublet ground state. Lattice distortions accompany the transitions, as revealed by neutron diffraction measurements, and in agreement with earlier synchrotron x-ray studies. The magnetic moment of the Nd3+ ion at 0.4 K is estimated to be 1.54(2)μ B and the magnetic structure is all-in all-out as determined by our neutron diffraction measurements. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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    Controlling low temperature sintering of UO2+x
    (Elsevier, 2024-11) Frost, DG; Burr, PA; Obbard, EG; Veliscek-Carolan, J
    UO2 nuclear fuel pellets are typically sintered at temperatures of approximately 1700 °C to achieve the high densities and large grain sizes necessary for safe reactor operation. Lowering this sintering temperature is desirable in order to decrease the energy input required for fuel manufacture. Hence, the effect of temperature, time, stoichiometry and ZrO2 doping on sintering efficacy have been investigated. ZrO2 doping, coupled with hyper-stochiometry, acted as a strong sintering aid, enabling higher densities and larger grain sizes when sintering at lower temperatures and for shorter periods compared to the undoped samples. Without ZrO2 doping, at 1500 °C sintering was strongly sensitive to hyper-stoichiometry and only weakly sensitive to sintering duration. Addition of 0.13 mol fraction ZrO2 increased theoretical density up to 10 % and the maximum grain size from 8 µm to 40 µm. Addition of 0.30 mol fraction ZrO2 resulted in even greater densification, reaching 98 % of maximum theoretical density, but also formation of a secondary phase that hindered grain growth. © 2024 Published by Elsevier B.V.