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ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 8.3. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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    Halogenated metal–organic framework glasses and liquids
    (American Chemical Society, 2020-01-24) Hou, JW; Gómez, MLR; Krajnc, A; McCaul, A; Li, SS; Bumstead, AM; Sapnik, AF; Deng, ZY; Lin, R; Chater, PA; Keeble, DS; Keen, DA; Appadoo, DRT; Chan, B; Chen, V; Mali, G; Bennett, TD
    The synthesis of four novel crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) structures using a mixed-ligand approach is reported. The inclusion of both imidazolate and halogenated benzimidazolate-derived linkers leads to glass-forming behavior by all four structures. Melting temperatures are observed to depend on both electronic and steric effects. Solid-state NMR and terahertz (THz)/far-IR demonstrate the presence of a Zn-F bond for fluorinated ZIF glasses. In situ THz/far-IR spectroscopic techniques reveal the dynamic structural properties of crystal, glass, and liquid phases of the halogenated ZIFs, linking the melting behavior of ZIFs to the propensity of the ZnN4 tetrahedra to undergo thermally induced deformation. The inclusion of halogenated ligands within metal-organic framework (MOF) glasses improves their gas-uptake properties. © 2025 American Chemical Society.
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    Haliskia peterseni, a new anhanguerian pterosaur from the late Early Cretaceous of Australia
    (Springer Nature, 2024-06-12) Pentland, AH; Poropat, SF; Duncan, RJ; Kellner, AWA; Bantim, RAM; Bevitt, JJ; Tait, AM; Grice, K
    Pterosaur remains have been reported from every continent; however, pterosaur skeletons remain rare. A new pterosaur is presented here, Haliskia petersenigen. et sp. nov., constituting the most complete specimen from Australia from the upper Albian Toolebuc Formation of the Eromanga Basin (Queensland, Australia). A combination of features, including the presence of a premaxillary crest and curved teeth, and the morphology of the scapulocoracoid, support its referral to Anhangueria. Haliskia can be distinguished from all other anhanguerian pterosaurs based on two dental characters: the 4th and 5th tooth pairs are smaller than the 3rd and 6th, and the 2nd and 5th alveoli are smaller than 3–4 and 6–8. Moreover, the hyoid is 70% the total length of the mandible. The phylogenetic analyses presented here place Haliskia within Anhangueria. In one analysis, Haliskia and Ferrodraco are resolved as sister taxa, with Tropeognathus mesembrinussister to that clade. The other resolves Haliskia, Mythunga and Ferrodracoin a polytomy within Tropeognathinae. The new Australian pterosaur attests to the success of Anhangueria during the latest Early Cretaceous and suggests that the Australian forms were more taxonomically diverse and palaeobiogeographically complex than previously recognized. © The Author(s) 2024. Open Access CC BY 4.0.
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    Structure elucidation of castor oil based self-condensed polyols and applications in flexible foams and elastomers
    (Springer Nature, 2024-04) Shrestha, ML; Noble, I; Ionescu, M; Dai, J; Hong, J; Petrović, ZS
    Self-transesterification of castor oil was employed to prepare higher molar mass polyols possessing interesting properties that can be used without purification. The resulting structure of the polyols is complex due to the reversible nature of transesterification reaction, allowing formation and destruction of new polyols simultaneously. Detailed structures of the prepared polyols were studied using spectrometric analysis including MALDI-TOF, that enables identification of the anticipated structures, supporting the proposed mechanism. In addition, polyurethane elastomers were prepared from these polyols, and yielded soft materials with low Shore A hardness. These polyols were also tested in molded polyurethane foams and their polyurethane properties were compared with those of commercial bio-polyols. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.
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    Developing robust lake sediment chronologies using 210Pb, Pu and radiocarbon dating of pollen concentrates and macrofossil: a case study from Lake Surprise, Victoria, Australia
    (Elsevier, 2025-08) Dharmarathna, A; Cadd, HR; Barr, C; Francke, A; Hua, Q; Child, DP; Hotchkis, MAC; Zawadzki, AW; Gadd, PS; Turney, CSM; Marjo, CE; Tibby, J; Tyler, JJ
    The development of reliable sediment chronologies is crucial for accurate interpretations of decadal to century-scale palaeoenvironmental changes in the late Quaternary. Although radiocarbon dating of sedimentary sequences is commonly undertaken, not all the organic fractions are representative of atmospheric 14C levels, resulting in inaccurate age models. Whilst terrestrial plant macrofossils are widely considered ideal dating material – assuming they are contemporaneous with the horizons being dated – they are often sparse or absent. In this context, radiocarbon dating of pollen extracts is increasingly being used as alternative dating material. Here, we used pollen radiocarbon dating, alongside a suite of macrofossil and bulk sediment dates, to develop a chronology for the Holocene sediments of Lake Surprise, in Victoria, Australia. 210Pb activity and Plutonium (Pu) concentrations and isotope ratios were also analysed to constrain the age of the uppermost sediments, augmented with recent historical markers, including the first arrival of Pinus pollen and the date of an earlier coring expedition at the site in 2004. With respect to the radiocarbon dates, we found an age offset between the plant macrofossils and bulk sediment dates of 260 ± 86 14C years and an offset of ∼340 14C years between plant macrofossil and pollen extracts. In both cases, macrofossil dates appeared to be “younger” than the bulk sediment and pollen dates. The offset between pollen and plant macrofossil dates was found to vary with sediment depth and generally correlate with carbonate concentration in the sediment. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we determined that the pollen extracts were not contaminated by either carbonate or charcoal. However, contamination by algal spores could not be ruled out, and we hypothesise that those algal spores may have assimilated aged dissolved inorganic carbon during periods of higher groundwater influx, thus altering the measured radiocarbon age of the pollen extract. Macrofossil and corrected pollen radiocarbon dates were incorporated in a Bayesian age-depth model which integrated 210Pb activities and Pu data and bomb pulse C-14 dates validated using recent historical age markers. Our results suggest that it is possible to generate a robust geochronological framework for Lake Surprise using radiocarbon dating back to at least ∼10,846 cal yr BP. © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Open Access CC BY 4.0.
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    Manipulating a thermosalient crystal using selective deuteration
    (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2025-02-20) Angeloski, A; Galaviz, P; Mole, RA; Piltz, RO; McDonagh, AM; Ennis, C; Appadoo, DRT
    The thermosalient transformation in nickel(II) bis(diisopropyl)dithiocarbamate has been investigated using selective deuteration. The deuterated crystals undergo a reversible displacive phase transition that is ∼4 K higher in temperature compared to the protonated analogue. Neutron, synchrotron, density-functional theory, and calorimetric techniques were utilized to demonstrate the substantial effect of deuterium. All techniques demonstrated the equivalence of the mechanism on an atomic scale between the protonated and deuterated complexes. The data collected in this study reveal details of the changes of atomic motion that underpin the thermosalience inherent in this system. Deuterium decreased the frequency of atomic vibrations thus increasing the temperature of the observed transformation. This study represents a key advancement in the field of thermosalient molecular systems and provides insights into the control and manipulation of thermosalient materials. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Open Access CC-BY 4.0.