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ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 8.3. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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Recent Submissions

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    Physical, chemical and optical properties of Australian desert dust aerosols
    (Department of the Environment and Water Resources, 2007-09-09) Radhi, M; Box, MA; Box, GP; Mitchell, RM; Cohen, DD; Stelcer, E; Keywood, MD; French, D
    Atmospheric aerosols interact with incoming solar radiation, and to a lesser extent with outgoing longwave radiation, in a number of ways. Aerosols scatter incoming sunlight, with a fraction being scattered back to space. This process is known as the direct aerosol effect, and is partially offsetting the warming from increases in greenhouse gases. Some aerosols, depending on their refractive index, and hence on their chemistry, absorb sunlight. This can result in not only a planetary warming (rather than a cooling), but also changes in the atmospheric temperature profile, and hence vertical stability, with potential hydrological consequences. Desert dust (mineral aerosol) is one of the major natural aerosol types, as recognized by the IPCC. However, at the time of the Third Assessment it was not possible to even be sure of the sign of desert dust forcing - i.e. warming or cooling. This is because mineral aerosols are mildly absorbing, a reflection of their variable iron content. Unlike many Northern Hemisphere deserts, which are yellow, Australian deserts are predominantly red, indicative of a different mineralogy. We have established a field station at Birdsville, in SW Queensland. Among other instrumentation, we operated aerosol samplers during a field campaign in November 2006. Using a twelve-stage MOUDI sampler, we collected size-resolved aerosols and subjected them to ion-beam analysis to determine the elemental composition. Samples were also collected in a single stage LowVol sampler. These samples were also sent for IBA as a cross check, but also for electron microscopy to study both shape and size, and the mineralogy of individual particles. Preliminary results of these analyses are presented. After further analysis we plan to construct size-resolved refractive indices, to determine the key optical parameters of Australian desert dust, and hence its role in climate forcing.
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    Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ion Beam Modification of Materials (IBMM 2016)
    (Elsevier, 2017-10-30) Kennedy, J; Elliman, R; Mccallum, J; Ionescu, M; Markwitz
    The papers in this issue of NIMB were presented at the 20th international conference on Ion Beam Modification of Materials (IBMM) held at Te Papa Museum, Wellington, New Zealand from October 30th until November 4th, 2016. This conference continued the proud legacy of New Zealand-born Lord Rutherford and his pioneering research in ion beam physics. IBMM meetings cover a broad range of fundamental and applied research, and remain the conference of choice for those with an interest in ion-solid interactions and their applications. IBMM 2016 continued this tradition with more than 225 abstracts covering a broad spectrum of interdisciplinary research ranging from radiation therapy to quantum computing. The Program comprised 17 invited talks, 74 oral presentations, and 134 poster presentations, with the latter including two morning poster sessions with breakfast. The conference was attended by 172 delegates from 27 countries. © 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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    New laser applications on the THz/FarIR beamline at the Australian Synchrotron
    (2014-11-20) Plathe, R; Appadoo, D; Ennis, C
    The THz/FarIR beamline at the Australian Synchrotron is currently extending its capabilities to includes lasers. These lasers could be used for photolysis, pyrolysis or steady state pump/probe experiments. We currently have a high powered cw CO2 laser and a pulsed YAG laser.
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    Liquid metal‐enabled tunable synthesis of nanoporous polycrystalline copper for selective CO2‐to‐formate electrochemical conversion
    (Wiley, 2024-12-05) Zhong, WY; Chi, Y; Yu, RH; Kong, C; Zhou, SJ; Han, C; Vongsvivut, JP; Mao, GZ; Kalantar‐Zadeh, K; Amal, R; Tang, JB; Lu, XY
    Copper-based catalysts exhibit high activity in electrochemical CO2 conversion to value-added chemicals. However, achieving precise control over catalysts design to generate narrowly distributed products remains challenging. Herein, a gallium (Ga) liquid metal-based approach is employed to synthesize hierarchical nanoporous copper (HNP Cu) catalysts with tailored ligament/pore and crystallite sizes. The nanoporosity and polycrystallinity are generated by dealloying intermetallic CuGa2 formed after immersing pristine Cu foil in liquid Ga in a basic or acidic solution. The liquid metal-based approach allows for the transformation of monocrystalline Cu to the polycrystalline HNP Cu with enhanced CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) performance. The dealloyed HNP Cu catalyst with suitable crystallite size (22.8 nm) and nanoporous structure (ligament/pore size of 45 nm) exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency of 91% toward formate production under an applied potential as low as −0.3 VRHE. The superior CO2RR performance can be ascribed to the enlarged electrochemical catalytic surface area, the generation of preferred Cu facets, and the rich grain boundaries by polycrystallinity. This work demonstrates the potential of liquid metal-based synthesis for improving catalysts performance based on structural design, without increasing compositional complexity. © 2024 The Author(s). Small published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
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    Palaeoclimatic support for the Pleistocene 'superhighway' through central Australia
    (Australasian Research Cluster for Archaeological Science, 2024-05-27) Gould-Whaley, C; Drysdale, RN; Treble, PC; May, JH; Hellstrom, JC
    Our understanding of the climatic conditions faced by humans upon arrival in Australia is both temporally and spatially fragmented. A cave in the Ikara-Flinders Ranges contains speleothems that shed light on the palaeohydrology of Australia’s southern arid margin through the Last Glacial Period. The timing of speleothem growth phases suggests there were three multi-millennial periods where the region experienced a more positive water balance, each of which aligns with Southern Hemisphere summer insolation maxima. This implies that moisture delivery was governed by the strength and/or latitudinal position of the Indo-Australian Summer Monsoon, meaning the continental interior to the north of the cave site would also be receiving monsoonal rainfall. These findings support the proposed ‘superhighway’ through central Australia (Crabtree et al. 2020; Bradshaw et al. 2023). A period of especially high moisture availability coincides with the earliest evidence of human presence at the Warratyi shelter, 250 km north of the cave site (Hamm et al. 2016).