ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 7.5. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

Contact the Repository

 

Communities in ANSTO Publications Online

Select a community to browse its collections.

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Recent Submissions

Thumbnail Image
Item
Modulating the isotopic hydrogen-deuterium exchange in functionalized nanocellulose to optimize SANS contrast
(Elsevier, 2024-12) Raghuwanshi, VS; Mendoza, DJ; Mata, JP; Garnier, GFG
Contrast matching by isotopic exchange in cellulose allows visualizing functional groups, biomolecules, polymers and nanoparticles embedded in cellulosic composites. This isotopic exchange varies the scattering length density of cellulose to match its contrast with the background network. Here, contrast matching of microcrystalline-cellulose (MCC) and the functionalized nanocellulose-fiber (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are elucidated by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Results show no isotopic exchange occurs for the CNF surface functionalized with carboxyl nor for the CNC-High with a high sulfate groups concentration. Both CNC-Low, with low sulfate groups, and MCC exchange 1H with 1D in D2O. This is due to the high exchange probability of the labile C6 position primary -OH group. The structure of thermo-responsive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) chains grafted onto CNF (PNIPAM-grafted-CNF) was extracted by CNF contrast matching near the lower critical solution temperature. Contrast matching eradicates the CNF scattering to retain only the scattering from the grafted-PNIPAM chains. The coil to globule thermo-transition of PNIPAM was revealed by the power law variation from q−1.3 to q−4 in SANS. Isotopic exchange in functionalized cellulosic materials reveals the nano- and micro-scale structure of its individual components. This improved visualization by contrast matching can be extended to carbohydrate polymers to engineer biopharmaceutical and food applications. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. - Open Access CC BY 4.0
Thumbnail Image
Item
Enhanced structural analysis through a hybrid analogue-digital mapping approach: integrating field and UAV survey with microtomography to characterize metamorphic rocks
(Elsevier, 2004-10) Fazio, E; Ortolano, G; Alsop, GI; D'Agostino, A; Vasalli, R; Luzin, V; Salvemini, F; Cirrincione, R
This study focused on collecting structural data orientations of a crustal-scale shear zone (Palmi Shear Zone, PSZ, southern Calabria, Italy) by integrating various analytical and field-based techniques. The PSZ consists of deformed metamorphic rocks (migmatitic biotitic paragneiss, marbles, and skarns) showing multiple folding phases, and Hercynian tonalites and pegmatites (306-290 Ma), crosscut by Late Hercynian leucocratic dykes (ca. 290 Ma). Multi-sized clasts composed of different lithologies are preserved on clean outcrop surfaces, and are sheared into both σ - and δ -type objects that collectively suggest opposing senses of shear. The study incorporates structural analysis of folds, field and aerial surveys (UAV), digital mapping, and microcomputed tomography. Various kinematic indicators were observed in the PSZ, indicating a mix of factors influencing the shear strain patterns (e.g. fold interference patterns, different rock types with high viscosity contrast). The findings suggest a clear consistency between structural data inferred from 3D VOM (Virtual Outcrop Model) and those collected directly in the field, confirming the occurrence of both sinistral and dextral shear in the PSZ, providing important insights into the tectonic evolution of the Calabrian-Peloritani Terrane. Crown Copyright © 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Thumbnail Image
Item
MOSkin dosimetry for an ultra-high dose-rate, very high-energy electron irradiation environment at PEER
(Frontiers, 2024-07-30) Cayley, J; Tan, YRE; Petasecca, M; Cutajar, DL; Breslin, T; Rosenfeld, AB; Lerch, MLF
FLASH radiotherapy, which refers to the delivery of radiation at ultra-high dose-rates (UHDRs), has been demonstrated with various forms of radiation and is the subject of intense research and development recently, including the use of very high-energy electrons (VHEEs) to treat deep-seated tumors. Delivering FLASH radiotherapy in a clinical setting is expected to place high demands on real-time quality assurance and dosimetry systems. Furthermore, very high-energy electron research currently requires the transformation of existing non-medical accelerators into radiotherapy research environments. Accurate dosimetry is crucial for any such transformation. In this article, we assess the response of the MOSkin, developed by the Center for Medical Radiation Physics, which is designed for on-patient, real-time skin dose measurements during radiotherapy, and whether it exhibits dose-rate independence when exposed to 100 MeV electron beams at the Pulsed Energetic Electrons for Research (PEER) end-station. PEER utilizes the electron beam from a 100 MeV linear accelerator when it is not used as the injector for the ANSTO Australian Synchrotron. With the estimated pulse dose-rates ranging from (7.84±0.21)×105 Gy/s to (1.28±0.03)×107 Gy/s and an estimated peak bunch dose-rate of (2.55±0.06)×108 Gy/s, MOSkin measurements were verified against a scintillating screen to confirm that the MOSkin responds proportionally to the charge delivered and, therefore, exhibits dose-rate independence in this irradiation environment. © 2024 Cayley, Tan, Petasecca, Cutajar, Breslin, Rosenfeld and Lerch. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Thumbnail Image
Item
Strontium isotopes in the atmosphere, geosphere and hydrosphere: developing a systematic “fingerprinting” framework of rocks and water in sedimentary basins in eastern Australia
(Elsevier, 2024-11-15) Raiber, M; Feitz, AJ; Cendón, DI; Flook, S; Suckow, A; Schöning, G; Hofmann, H; Martinez, J; Maas, R; Kelly, BFJ
Understanding the connection between aquifers, aquitards, and groundwater-dependant ecosystems remains a key challenge when developing a conceptual hydrogeological model. The aim of this study was to develop a systematic strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) fingerprinting framework of rocks and water within the sedimentary Surat and Clarence-Moreton basins (SCM basins) in eastern Australia – an area of extensive coal seam gas development and high potential for aquifer and groundwater-surface water connectivity. To do this, new groundwater samples (n = 298) were collected, analyzed and integrated with published data (n = 154) from the basins' major sedimentary, volcanic and alluvial aquifers, including the major coal seam gas target, the Walloon Coal Measures. Samples were also analyzed from rainfall (n = 2) and surface water (n = 40). In addition, rock core samples (n = 39) from exploration and stratigraphic wells were analyzed to determine the range of Sr isotope composition from host rocks. The analyses of cores demonstrate a distinct and systematic contrast in 87Sr/86Sr between different hydrogeological units. This confirms that all major hydrogeological units have a narrow range with unique 87Sr/86Sr population characteristics that are useful for guiding conceptual model development. Comparison with selected hydrochemical and groundwater age tracers (14C and 36Cl) suggests only limited changes of 87Sr/86Sr from recharge beds to the deeper parts of the basins or with a decrease in natural 14C and 36Cl tracer content along flow paths. Stream sampling during baseflow conditions confirms that 87Sr/86Sr in surface waters are similar to those of the underlying bedrock formations. We demonstrated that 87Sr/86Sr analyses of rocks and water provide a powerful hydrostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic fingerprinting framework in the SCM basins, enabling reliable assessments of plausible aquifer and groundwater-surface water interconnectivity pathways. Applied in other complex multi-aquifer sedimentary basins in Australia, and globally, a similar approach can help to constrain conceptual hydrogeological models and facilitate improved water resource management. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY - NC 4.0 license.
No Thumbnail Available
Item
The impact of fire on the geochemistry of speleothem-forming drip water in a sub-alpine cave
(Elsevier, 2018-11) Coleborn, K; Baker, AA; Treble, Pauline C; Andersen, MS; Baker, AC; Tadros, CV; Tozer, MG; Fairchild, IJ; Spate, A; Meehan, S
Fire dramatically modifies the surface environment by combusting vegetation and changing soil properties. Despite this well-documented impact on the surface environment, there has been limited research into the impact of fire events on karst, caves and speleothems. Here we report the first experiment designed to investigate the short-term impacts of a prescribed fire on speleothem-forming cave drip water geochemistry. Before and after the fire, water was collected on a bi-monthly basis from 18 drip sites in South Glory Cave, New South Wales, Australia. Two months post-fire, there was an increase in B, Si, Na, Fe and Pb concentrations at all drip sites. We conclude that this response is most likely due to the transport of soluble ash-derived elements from the surface to the cave drip water below. A significant deviation in stable water isotopic composition from the local meteoric water line was also observed at six of the sites. We hypothesise that this was due to partial evaporation of soil water resulting in isotopic enrichment of drip waters. Our results demonstrate that even low-severity prescribed fires can have an impact on speleothem-forming cave drip water geochemistry. These findings are significant because firstly, fires need to be considered when interpreting past climate from speleothem δ18O isotope and trace element records, particularly in fire prone regions such as Australia, North America, south west Europe, Russia and China. Secondly, it supports research that demonstrates speleothems could be potential proxy records for past fires. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.