Browsing by Author "Yang, D"

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    Capture of radioactive cesium and iodide Ions from water by using titanate nanofibers and nanotubes
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011-01-01) Yang, D; Sarina, S; Zhu, HW; Liu, HY; Zheng, Z; Xie, M; Smith, SV; Komarneni, S
    Radioactive Cs+ and I− ions are the products of uranium fission, and can be easily dissolved in water during an accident at a nuclear reactor, such as those that occurred at Chernobyl in 1986, at Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania in 1979, and in 2011 at Fukushima, Japan. In 2009, leaks of radioactive materials such as 137Cs and 131I isotopes also occurred during minor accidents at nuclear power stations in Britain, Germany, and the U.S. These leaks have raised concerns about exposure levels in the nearby communities because it is feared that these fission products could make their way into the food chain when present in waste water. Radioactive iodine is also used in the treatment of thyroid cancer, and, as a result, radioactive wastewater is discharged by a large number of medical research institutions.1 The wide use of radioisotopes requires effective methods to manage radioactive waste, and methods currently used are complex and extremely costly.2 Herein we demonstrate a potentially cost-effective method to remediate 137Cs+ and 131I− ions from contaminated water by using the unique chemistry of titanate nanotubes and nanofibers, which can not only chemisorb these ions but efficiently trap them for safe disposal. © 2011, Wiley-Blackwell.
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    Practical high-performance lead-free piezoelectrics: structural flexibility beyond utilizing multiphase coexistence
    (Oxford University Press, 2020-02-01) Liu, Q; Zhang, Y; Gao, J; Zhou, Z; Yang, D; Lee, KY; Studer, AJ; Hinterstein, M; Wang, K; Zhang, X; Li, L; Li, JF
    Due to growing concern for the environment and human health, searching for high-performance lead-free piezoceramics has been a hot topic of scientific and industrial research. Despite the significant progress achieved toward enhancing piezoelectricity, further efforts should be devoted to the synergistic improvement of piezoelectricity and its thermal stability. This study provides new insight into these topics. A new KNN-based lead-free ceramic material is presented, which features a large piezoelectric coefficient (d33) exceeding 500 pC/N and a high Curie temperature (Tc) of  ∼200°C. The superior piezoelectric response strongly relies on the increased composition-induced structural flexibility due to lattice softening and decreased unit cell distortion. In contrast to piezoelectricity anomalies induced via polymorphic transition, this piezoelectricity enhancement is effective within a broad temperature range rather than a specific small range. In particular, a hierarchical domain architecture composed of nano-sized domains along the submicron domains was detected in this material system, which further contributes to the high piezoelectricity. © C TheAuthor(s) 2019. Published by OxfordUniversity Press on behalf of China Science Publishing&Media Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Media Ltd. (Science Press).