Browsing by Author "Liu, X"
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- ItemCalcium substitution to improve the total ionic conductivity of the Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Hf1/4O3 perovskite-type electrolyte(Elsevier, 2023-11-01) Bertrand, M; Groleau, L; Bibienne, T; Rousselot, S; Liu, X; Chi, M; Yang, FZT; Peterson, VK; Schmid, S; Dollé, MWe report novel calcium-substituted perovskite-type solid state electrolyte with nominal composition Li0.344Sr0.433Ca0.02Ta3/4Hf1/4O3, which we compare with Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Hf1/4O3. The compounds were synthesized via solid-state reaction and studied by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Neutron powder diffraction allowed the Li position in the structure to be accurately determined. Calcium-substituted phase showed higher Li-ion conductivity than the analogous calcium-free phase obtained with our synthesis method. High total Li-ion conductivities of 3.6 ± 1.0 × 10−4 S cm−1 (Ea = 431 meV) at 30 °C were reached for calcium-substituted phase, and both bulk and grain-boundary conductivities increased compared to that of the calcium-free phase. The same experiment was conducted on Li0.344Sr0.433Ca0.02Ta3/4Zr1/4O3 and led to the same conclusion compared to Li3/8Sr7/16Ta3/4Zr1/4O3. Elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) of Li0.344Sr0.433Ca0.02Ta3/4Hf1/4O3 showed the formation of an intermediary phase at grain boundaries, which contained essentially strontium, calcium, and oxygen. To better understand the increased bulk conductivity, neutron diffraction was performed on Li0.344Sr0.433Ca0.02Ta3/4Hf1/4O3. The results demonstrate the importance of understanding and controlling the grain boundary composition, as much as the bulk composition, to improve the total ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes. © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemControlling spin orientation and metamagnetic transitions in anisotropic van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS4 by hydrostatic pressure(Wiley, 2022-02) Peng, Y; Lin, Z; Tian, G; Yang, J; Zhang, P; Wang, F; Gu, P; Liu, X; Wang, CW; Avdeev, M; Liu, F; Zhou, D; Han, R; Shen, P; Yang, W; Liu, S; Ye, Y; Yang, JControlling the phases of matter is a central task in condensed matter physics and materials science. In 2D magnets, manipulating spin orientation is of great significance in the context of the Mermin–Wagner theorem. Herein, a systematic study of temperature‐ and pressure‐dependent magnetic properties up to 1 GPa in van der Waals CrPS4 is reported. Owing to the temperature‐dependent change of the magnetic anisotropy energy, the material undergoes a first‐order spin reorientation transition with magnetic moments realigning from being almost parallel with the c axis in the ac plane to the quasi‐1D chains of CrS6 octahedra along the b axis upon heating. The spin reorientation temperature is suppressed after applying pressure, shifting the high‐temperature phase to lower temperatures with the emergence of spin‐flop transitions under magnetic fields applied along the b axis. The saturation field increases with pressure, indicating the enhancement of interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling. However, the Néel temperature is slightly reduced, which is ascribed to the suppression of intralayer ferromagnetic coupling. The work demonstrates the control of spin orientation and metamagnetic transitions in layered antiferromagnets, which may provide new perspectives for exploring 2D magnetism and related spintronic devices. © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
- ItemPreparation and biologic evaluation of a novel radioiodinated benzylpiperazine, 123I-MEL037, for malignant melanoma(Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2007-07-13) Pham, TQ; Berghofer, PJ; Liu, X; Greguric, ID; Dikic, B; Ballantyne, P; Mattner, F; Nguyen, VH; Loc'h, C; Katsifis, ARadiopharmaceuticals that can target the random metastatic dissemination of melanoma tumors may present opportunities for imaging and staging the disease as well as potential radiotherapeutic applications. A novel molecule, 2-(2-(4-(4-123I-iodobenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (MEL037), was synthesized, labeled with 123I, and evaluated for application in melanoma tumor scintigraphy and radiotherapy. Methods: The tumor imaging potential of 123I-MEL037 was studied in vivo in C57BL/6J female mice bearing the B16F0 murine melanoma tumor and in BALB/c nude mice bearing the A375 human amelanotic melanoma tumor by biodistribution, competition studies, and SPECT. Results: 123I-MEL037 exhibited high and rapid uptake in the B16F0 melanoma tumor at 1 h (13 %ID/g [percentage injected dose per gram]), increasing with time to reach 25 %ID/g at 6 h. A significant uptake was also observed in the eyes (2 %ID, at 3–6 h after injection) of black mice. No uptake was observed in the tumor or in the eyes of nude mice bearing the A375 tumor. Because of high uptake and long retention in the tumor and rapid body clearance, the mean contrast ratios (MCR) of 123I-MEL037 were 30 and 60, at 24 and 48 h after injection, respectively. At 24 h after injection of mice bearing the B16 melanoma, SPECT indicated that the radioactivity was located predominately in the tumor followed by the eyes, whereas no specific localization of the radioactivity was noted in mice bearing the A375 human amelanotic tumor. In competition experiments, uptake of 123I-MEL037 in brain, lung, heart, and kidney—organs known to contain σ-receptors—was not significantly different in haloperidol-treated animals compared with control animals. Therefore, reduction of uptake in tumor and eyes of the pigmented mice bearing the B16F0 tumor suggested that the mechanism of tumor uptake was likely due to an interaction with melanin. Conclusion: These findings suggested that 123I-MEL037, which displays a rapid and very high tumor uptake, appeared to be a promising imaging agent for detection of most melanoma tumors with the potential for development as a therapeutic agent in melanoma tumor proliferation. © 2007 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Inc.
- ItemRadiosynthesis, in vivo biological evaluation, and imaging of brain lesions with [123I]-CLINME, a new SPECT tracer for the translocator protein(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2015-06-25) Mattner, F; Quinlivan, M; Greguric, ID; Pham, TQ; Liu, X; Jackson, TW; Berghofer, PJ; Fookes, CJR; Dikic, B; Grégoire, MC; Dollé, F; Katsifis, AThe high affinity translocator protein (TSPO) ligand 6-chloro-2-(4′-iodophenyl)-3-(N,N-methylethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-acetamide (CLINME) was radiolabelled with iodine-123 and assessed for its sensitivity for the TSPO in rodents. Moreover neuroinflammatory changes on a unilateral excitotoxic lesion rat model were detected using SPECT imaging. [123I]-CLINME was prepared in 70–80% radiochemical yield. The uptake of [123I]-CLINME was evaluated in rats by biodistribution, competition, and metabolite studies. The unilateral excitotoxic lesion was performed by injection of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid unilaterally into the striatum. The striatum lesion was confirmed and correlated with TSPO expression in astrocytes and activated microglia by immunohistochemistry and autoradiography. In vivo studies with [123I]-CLINME indicated a biodistribution pattern consistent with TPSO distribution and the competition studies with PK11195 and Ro 5-4864 showed that [123I]-CLINME is selective for this site. The metabolite study showed that the extractable radioactivity was unchanged [123I]-CLINME in organs which expresses TSPO. SPECT/CT imaging on the unilateral excitotoxic lesion indicated that the mean ratio uptake in striatum (lesion : nonlesion) was 2.2. Moreover, TSPO changes observed by SPECT imaging were confirmed by immunofluorescence, immunochemistry, and autoradiography. These results indicated that [123I]-CLINME is a promising candidate for the quantification and visualization of TPSO expression in activated astroglia using SPECT. © 2015 F. Mattner et al.
- ItemStatus of the compactlight design study(JACoW Publishing, 2019-05-19) D'Auria, G; Mitri, SD; Rochow, RA; Latina, A; Liu, X; Rossi, C; Schulte, D; Stapnes, S; Wu, X; Castañeda Cortes, HM; Clarke, J; Dunning, DJ; Thompson, N; Fang, W; Gazis, E; Gazis, N; Tanke, E; Trachnas, E; Goryashko, V; Jacewicz, M; Ruber, R; Taylor, G; Dowd, RT; Zhu, D; Aksoy, A; Nergiz, Z; Apsimon, R; Burt, G; Castilla, A; Priem, H; Janssen, X; Luiten, J; Mutsaers, P; Stragier, X; Alesini, D; Bellaveglia, M; Buonomo, B; Cardelli, F; Croia, M; Diomede, M; Ferrario, M; Gallo, A; Giribono, A; Piersanti, L; Scifo, J; Spataro, B; Vaccarezza, C; Geometrante, R; Kokole, M; Arnesano, J; Bosco, F; Ficcadenti, L; Mostacci, A; Palumbo, L; Dattoli, G; Nguyen, F; Petralia, A; Marcos, J; Marín, E; Muñoz Horta, R; Perez, F; Faus-Golfe, A; Han, Y; Bernhard, A; Gethmann, J; Calvi, M; Schmidt, T; Zhang, K; Esperante, D; Fuster, J; Gimeno, B; Gonzalez-Iglesias, D; Aicheler, M; Hoekstra, R; Cross, AW; Nix, L; Zhang, LCompactLight (XLS) is an International Collaboration of 24 partners and 5 third parties, funded by the European Union through the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme. The main goal of the project, which started in January 2018 with a duration of 36 months, is the design of an hard X-ray FEL facility beyond today’s state of the art, using the latest concepts for bright electron photo-injectors, high-gradient accelerating structures, and innovative shortperiod undulators. The specifications of the facility and the parameters of the future FEL are driven by the demands of potential users and the associated science cases. In this paper we will give an overview on the ongoing activities and the major results achieved until now. © The Authors - CC-BY 3.0 licence
- ItemSynthesis and biological evaluation of substituted [18F]Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and [18F]Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines for the study of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor using positron emission tomography(American Chemical Society, 2008-06-17) Fookes, CJR; Pham, TQ; Mattner, F; Greguric, ID; Loc'h, C; Liu, X; Berghofer, PJ; Shepherd, R; Grégoire, MC; Katsifis, AThe fluoroethoxy and fluoropropoxy substituted 2-(6-chloro-2-phenyl)imidazo[1,2- a]pyridin-3-yl)- N, N-diethylacetamides 8 (PBR102) and 12 (PBR111) and 2-phenyl-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-3-yl)- N, N-diethylacetamides 15 (PBR099) and 18 (PBR146) were synthesized and found to have high in vitro affinity and selectivity for the peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) when compared with the central benzodiazepine receptors (CBRs). The corresponding radiolabeled compounds [ (18)F] 8 [ (18)F] 12, [ (18)F] 15, and [ (18)F] 18 were prepared from their p-toluenesulfonyl precursors in 50-85% radiochemical yield. In biodistribution studies in rats, the distribution of radioactivity of the [ (18)F]PBR compounds paralleled the known localization of PBRs. In the olfactory bulbs, where the uptake of radioactivity was higher than in the rest of the brain, PK11195 and Ro 5-4864 were able to significantly inhibit [ (18)F] 12, while little or no pharmacological action of these established PBR drugs were observed on the uptake of [ (18)F] 8, [ (18)F] 15, and [ (18)F] 18 compared to control animals. Hence, [ (18)F] 12 appeared to be the best candidate for evaluation as an imaging agent for PBR expression in neurodegenerative disorders. © 2008 American Chemical Society
- ItemSynthesis and evaluation of an [18F] labelled imidazopyridine, for the study of the peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites using PET(Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2007-05-01) Katsifis, A; Mattner, F; Pham, TQ; Fookes, CJR; Greguric, ID; Berghofer, PJ; Ballantyne, P; Shepherd, R; Liu, XObjectives: The purpose of this study was to synthesise and evaluate the F-18 imidazopyridine 2-(2-(4-(3-fluoropropoxy)phenyl)-6,8-dichloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-N-methyl-N-phenylacetamide 1 as a potential tracer for the study of PBBS using PET. Methods: [18F]1 has been prepared by nucleophilic substitution of the tosylethyloxy precursor with 18F-fluoride in the presence of K222, K2CO3 in ACN at 100°C for 5 mins followed by RP-HPLC purification. The biodistribution of [18F]1 was performed in SD rats and brain and peripheral tissues were analysised at 15, 30 min, 1, and 4 h p.i. The specificity and selectivity of the tracer was assessed by pre-treatment with the PBBS ligands PK11195 and Ro 5-4864 and with Flumazenil for CBR at 1 mg/kg 5 min prior to injection of [18F]1. Results: In vitro binding of 1 indicated an IC50 of 7.4 nM for PBBS and >4000 nM for the CBR. [18F]1 was synthesised in 40-55 % radiochemical yield non-decay corrected and with > 95 % radiochemical purity. The specific activity ranged from 37-80 GBq/μmol (non optimised). Biodistribution studies indicated uptake of [18F]1 in tissue expressing PBBS. The adrenals showed high uptake, increasing from 9% ID/g at 30 min p.i to 11% at 4 h. In the kidneys the activity peaked at 15 min p.i.(5%) and decreased over time to 3.6% at 4h. In the heart the uptake was maintained at 7% througout the experiment (15 min to 4 h). Bone uptake ranged from 1% (at 15 min) to 2.9% at 4h. [18F]1 readily penetrated the blood-brain barrier with uptake in the olfactory regions ranging from an initial 0.66% at 15 min to 0.26% at 4 h p.i. The concentration in the blood was significantly lower than the brain regions (0.7% at 15 min to 0.15% at 4 h). Pre-treatment with PK 11195, Ro 5-4864 and non radioactive analogue 1 significantly decreased the uptake in the brain and peripheral organs except in the adrenals which showed a modest increase or no change in uptake. Flumazenil had no effect in the uptake of [18F]1 in the brain or peripheral organs. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the specific PBBS uptake of [18F]1 in vivo. Therefore [18F]1 warrants further investigation as a potential PET tracer for the PBBS. Copyright © 2020 Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
- ItemSynthesis and evaluation of novel radioiodinated benzamides for malignant melanoma(American Chemical Society, 2007-07-26) Pham, TQ; Greguric, ID; Liu, X; Berghofer, PJ; Ballantyne, P; Chapman, J; Mattner, F; Dikic, B; Jackson, TW; Loc'h, C; Katsifis, AThe imaging potential of a series of [123I]benzamides was studied in mice bearing B16F0 melanoma tumors. Compound [123I]25 exhibited tumor uptake >8 %ID/g at 1 h, while that of [123I]14d and [123I]25 reached a maximum of 9−12 %ID/g at 6 h. Standardized uptake values of [123I]14d were higher than 100 between 24 and 72 h after injection. In haloperidol treated animals, the tumor uptake of [123I]14d was not significantly different to controls, while significant reduction of [123I]25 uptake was observed, supporting that [123I]14d uptake relates to melanin interaction, whereas part of the mechanism of [123I]25 uptake is related to its σ1-receptor affinity. Benzamides 14d and 25, which display rapid and high tumor uptake, appear to be promising imaging agents for melanoma detection, while 14d, which displays a long lasting and high melanoma/nontarget ratio, is more suitable for evaluation as a potential radiotherapeutic. © 2007, American Chemical Society.
- ItemSynthesis and evaluation of novel radioiodinated nicotinamides for malignant melanoma(Elsevier B.V., 2008-10-01) Liu, X; Pham, TQ; Berghofer, PJ; Chapman, J; Greguric, ID; Mitchell, P; Mattner, F; Loc'h, C; Katsifis, AIntroduction A series of iodonicotinamides based on the melanin-binding iodobenzamide compound N-2-diethylaminoethyl-4-iodobenzamide was prepared and evaluated for the potential imaging and staging of disseminated metastatic melanoma. Methods [123I]Iodonicotinamides were prepared by iododestannylation reactions using no-carrier-added iodine-123 and evaluated in vivo by biodistribution and competition studies and by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging in black and albino nude mice bearing B16F0 murine melanotic and A375 human amelanotic melanoma tumours, respectively. Results The iodonicotinamides displayed low-affinity binding for σ1–σ2 receptors (Ki>300 nM). In biodistribution studies in mice, N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-[123I]iodonicotinamide ([123I]1) exhibited the fastest and highest uptake of the nicotinamide series in the B16F0 tumour at 1 h (∼8% ID/g), decreasing slowly over time. No uptake was observed in the A375 tumour. Clearance from the animals by urinary excretion was more rapid for N-alkyl-nicotinamides than for piperazinyl derivatives. At 1 h postinjection, the urinary excretion was 66% ID for [123I]1, while the gastrointestinal tract amounted to 17% ID. Haloperidol was unable to reduce the uptake of [123I]1 in pigmented mice, indicating that this uptake was likely due to an interaction with melanin. SPECT imaging of [123I]1 in black mice bearing the B16F0 melanoma indicated that the radioactivity was predominately located in the tumour and eyes. No specific localisation was observed in nude mice bearing A375 amelanotic tumours. Conclusion These findings suggest that [123I]1, which displays high tumour uptake with rapid clearance from the body, could be a promising imaging agent for the detection of melanotic tumours. © 2008 Elsevier Inc.
- ItemTrishomocubanes: novel σ ligands modulate cocaine-induced behavioural effects(Elsevier Science B.V., 2007-01-19) Liu, X; Banister, SD; Christie, MJ; Banati, RB; Meikle, SR; Coster, MJ; Kassiou, MTrishomocubane analogues TC1 (N-(3′-fluorophenyl)ethyl-4-azahexacyclo [5.4.1.02,6.03,10.05,9.08,11]dodecan-3-ol) and TC4 (N-(3′-fluorophenyl)methyl-4-azahexacyclo [5.4.1.02,6.03,10.05,9.08,11]dodecan-3-ol) were evaluated for their modulatory effects on locomotor activity as well as interactions with cocaine-induced responses. TC1 and TC4 have high affinity and moderate to high selectivity for σ1 (Ki = 10 nM, σ1/σ2 = 0.03) and σ2 (Ki = 20 nM, σ1/σ2 = 7.6) receptor subtypes respectively. Both compounds have negligible affinity for the dopamine (DAT), serotonin (SERT), and norepinephrine (NET) transporters. In behavioural studies, TC1 produced a dose-related inhibition in spontaneous locomotor activity measured in a Digiscan apparatus. TC1 attenuated the stimulatory locomotor effect of 20 mg/kg cocaine with a half-maximal depressant activity (ID50) of 38.6 mg/kg. TC1 (dose range of 25 to 100 mg/kg) also partially substituted for the effect of cocaine (10 mg/kg) in a discriminative stimulus task, involving the trained discrimination between cocaine and saline using a two-lever choice method. Following a dose of 50 mg/kg TC1, a maximum of 31% substitution was reached. The response rate was reduced to 56% of vehicle control following a TC1 dose of 100 mg/kg. These behavioural effects suggest that TC1 can act as an antagonist via the σ1 receptor. In contrast to TC1, TC4 produced a stimulant effect in locomotor activity with the ED50 estimated at 0.94 mg/kg. In addition, TC4 failed to inhibit cocaine-induced stimulation; neither did it substitute for the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine. TC4 thus appears to interact predominantly with the σ2 receptor subtype (σ1/σ2 = 7.6) which may result in dopamine stimulation independent of the effects of cocaine. The differential effect of TC1 and TC4 warrants further study of the mechanism of these actions. Present data also suggests a potential role for trishomocubane analogues in developing medication or research tools for cocaine addiction. © 2007, Elsevier Ltd.
- ItemUnexpectedly enhanced solubility of aromatic amino acids and peptides in an aqueous solution of divalent transition-metal cations(American Physical Society, 2016-12-02) Shi, GS; Dang, Y; Pan, TT; Liu, X; Liu, H; Li, S; Zhang, LJ; Zhao, HW; Li, SP; Han, JG; Tai, RZ; Zhu, Y; Li, J; Ji, Q; Mole, RA; Yu, DH; Fang, HPWe experimentally observed considerable solubility of tryptophan (Trp) in a CuCl2 aqueous solution, which could reach 2-5 times the solubility of Trp in pure water. Theoretical studies show that the strong cation-π interaction between Cu2+ and the aromatic ring in Trp modifies the electronic distribution of the aromatic ring to enhance significantly the water affinity of Trp. Similar solubility enhancement has also been observed for other divalent transition-metal cations (e.g., Zn2+ and Ni2+), another aromatic amino acid (phenylalanine), and three aromatic peptides (Trp-Phe, Phe-Phe, and Trp-Ala-Phe). © 2016 American Physical Society.