Browsing by Author "Hubery, RW"
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- ItemEconomics of the H.T.G.C.R. fuel cycle, Part 2 - fuel cycle cost studies.(Australian Atomic Energy Commission, 1967-06) Hubery, RW; Baillie, MGThe use of beryllium oxide as a moderator in a high temperature gas-cooled pebble bed reactor system which has been under study by the Commission incurs penalties due to its relatively high cost and the difficulty of reprocessing the fuel. This report examines the basic open and closed fuel cycles for such a system and defines the parameters affecting the cost of each cycle. Analytical relationships are developed for each cost component to facilitate calculations over a wide range of reactor design variables. This approach is of value during initial optimisation studies on a reactor concept. Calculations based on a 200 MWe design show that, using optimistic assumptions, recycle of spent fuel would be economically attractive for installed capacities greater than 800 MWe.
- ItemLaboratory development of the grind-leach process for the H.T.G.C.R. fuel cycle, Part III - comminution of beryllia matrix fuels.(Australian Atomic Energy Commission, 1966-10) Baillie, MG; Hubery, RWA comminution process has been studied for the preparation of fuel from an H.T.G.C.R. pebble bed reactor for leaching prior to purification and recycle of its valuable constituents the selection of suitable equipment for this step is discussed, and experimental work to demonstrate a three-stage vibratory grinding circuit on a small scale, using inactive fuel, is described it has been shown that, for inactive fuel, a ground product having characteristics which make it suitable for feed material to the selective leaching step can be produced by this technique.
- ItemOxidation of 1% Cr, 0.5% Mo steel in carbon dioxide.(Australian Atomic Energy Commission, 1961-06) Draycott, A; Hubery, RWCarbon steels do not suffice as structural materials in carbon-dioxide cooled reactors at gas temperatures above 410ºC, because of insufficient creep resistance. Low alloy steels of the Croloy variety appear to be the first alternatives as the small additions of chromium and molybdenum provide increased creep resistance. The corrosion of a 1% Cr, 0.5% Mo steel in carbon dioxide has been measured over the range of 450 to 525ºC under varying conditions of surface preparation, pressure, velocity, and impurity content of the gas. Weight changes were measured as a function of time of exposure in tests of up to 4,000 hours. It has been found that surface preparation of the specimens and pressures of the gas have little effect on the rate of oxidation of this steel in CO2. Also, presence of moisture up to 20,000 p.p.m. does not materially alter the rate of attack. Weigh-gains of specimens in pure oxygen were always found to be less than weight-gains obtained in carbon dioxide under identical conditions of temperature, pressure, and moisture content. Scaling of the oxide layer was never encountered under static or semi-static conditions. However, scaling occurred on many specimens exposed in flow gas; the extent depended on the temperature and gas velocity. Metallographic examination verified that a protective Cr2O3 film was never likely to be formed on this steel under the conditions of the tests. The major products of the reaction were Fe3O4 and another unidentified spinal. This study has shown that it is not safe to recommend this steel for use in carbon dioxide cooled reactors at temperatures above 450ºC.