Browsing by Author "Han, M"

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    Central inflammation and leptin resistance are attenuated by ginsenoside Rb1 treatment in obese mice fed a high-fat diet
    (Public Library of Science, 2014-03-27) Wu, YZ; Yu, YH; Szabo, A; Han, M; Huang, XF
    A low-grade pro-inflammatory state is at the pathogenic core of obesity and type 2 diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that the plant terpenoid compound ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), known to exert anti-inflammatory effects, would ameliorate obesity, obesity-associated inflammation and glucose intolerance in the high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Furthermore, we examined the effect of Rb1 treatment on central leptin sensitivity and the leptin signaling pathway in the hypothalamus. We found that intraperitoneal injections of Rb1 (14 mg/kg, daily) for 21 days significantly reduced body weight gain, fat mass accumulation, and improved glucose tolerance in obese mice on a HF diet compared to vehicle treatment. Importantly, Rb1 treatment also reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and/or IL-1β) and NF-κB pathway molecules (p-IKK and p-IκBα) in adipose tissue and liver. In the hypothalamus, Rb1 treatment decreased the expression of inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β and p-IKK) and negative regulators of leptin signaling (SOCS3 and PTP1B). Furthermore, Rb1 treatment also restored the anorexic effect of leptin in high-fat fed mice as well as leptin pSTAT3 signaling in the hypothalamus. Ginsenoside Rb1 has potential for use as an anti-obesity therapeutic agent that modulates obesity-induced inflammation and improves central leptin sensitivity in HF diet-induced obesity. © 2014 Wu et al.
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    Effects of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on rat brain muscarinic receptors
    (Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers, 2007-02-01) Zavitsanou, K; Nguyen, VH; Han, M; Huang, XF
    Quantitative in vitro autoradiography was used to examine changes in muscarinic M1/M4 and M2/M4 receptors (targeted with [3H]pirenzepine and [3H]AF-DX384 respectively), in rats treated with the typical (haloperidol) and atypical (clozapine and olanzapine) antipsychotic medications for a period of 36 days. Rats were sacrificed at either 2 h or 48 h after the last drug administration to examine immediate effects as well as the effects at 48 h after drug withdrawal. Haloperidol significantly increased [3H]pirenzepine binding in the dentate gyrus (37%) and in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (34%) in animals sacrificed 2 h after the last drug administration compared to controls. Similarly, clozapine significantly increased [3H]pirenzepine binding in dentate gyrus (29%) in rats sacrificed 2 h after the last drug administration compared to controls. Haloperidol decreased [3H]AF-DX384 binding in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (20%) in the rats sacrificed 48 h after the last drug administration compared to controls. These findings suggest that muscarinic receptors and limbic brain regions such as hippocampus and amygdala might represent common targets that mediate beneficial clinical effects of antipsychotic drugs. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
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    Olanzapine differentially affects 5-HT2A (and 2C) receptor mRNA expression in the rat brain
    (Elsevier Science BV, 2006-08-10) Huang, XF; Han, M; Huang, X; Zavitsanou, K; Deng, C
    This study examined regional changes in rat brain mRNA levels encoding 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors following chronic olanzapine treatment. The immediate effect (2 h after the last treatment) was a down-regulation of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression, predominantly in the hypothalamus, limbic system and striatum, while a rebound effect was observed 48 h later. 5-HT2C receptor mRNA expressions were decreased in the substantia nigra. Correlations between 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression and total food intake, weight gain and energy efficiency were observed. © 2006, Elsevier Ltd.
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    Three-dimensional phase imaging with near infrared synchrotron beam using phase-retrieval algorithm
    (Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), 2023-03-08) Han, M; Smith, D; Ng, SH; Katkus, TA; Simon, A; Rajeswary, JF; Praveen, PA; Tobin, MJ; Vongsvivut, JP; Juodkazis, S; Anand, V
    The near infrared (NIR) part of the infrared synchrotron beam is usually dumped to improve the signal to noise ratio of spectral imaging. In this study, this NIR synchrotron beam has been extracted and used for three-dimensional (3D) phase imaging. A pinhole was inserted in the path of the fork shaped NIR synchrotron beam and the Airy diffraction pattern was aligned with biochemical samples and the diffracted intensity distribution was captured using an image sensor sensitive to NIR. A phase retrieval algorithm was used to estimate the 3D phase distribution at the object plane from the recorded intensity distribution. © (2023) Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)