Tuning the grade of graphene: gamma ray irradiation of free-standing graphene oxide films in gaseous phase

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dc.contributor.authorDumée, LFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorFeng, CFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorHe, Len_AU
dc.contributor.authorAllioux, FMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorYi, ZFen_AU
dc.contributor.authorGao, WMen_AU
dc.contributor.authorBanos, Cen_AU
dc.contributor.authorDavies, JBen_AU
dc.contributor.authorKong, LXen_AU
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-30T01:11:29Zen_AU
dc.date.available2020-03-30T01:11:29Zen_AU
dc.date.issued2014-12-15en_AU
dc.date.statistics2020-03-20en_AU
dc.description.abstractA direct approach to functionalize and reduce pre-shaped graphene oxide 3D architectures is demonstrated by gamma ray irradiation in gaseous phase under analytical grade air, N2 or H2. The formation of radicals upon gamma ray irradiation is shown to lead to surface functionalization of the graphene oxide sheets. The reduction degree of graphene oxide, which can be controlled through varying the γ-ray total dose irradiation, leads to the synthesis of highly crystalline and near defect-free graphene based materials. The crystalline structure of the graphene oxide and γ-ray reduced graphene oxide was investigated by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The results reveal no noticeable changes in the size of sp2 graphitic structures for the range of tested gases and total exposure doses suggesting that the irradiation in gaseous phase does not damage the graphene crystalline domains. As confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, the C/O ratio of γ-ray reduced graphene oxide is increasing from 2.37 for graphene oxide to 6.25 upon irradiation in hydrogen gas. The removal of oxygen atoms with this reduction process in hydrogen results in a sharp 400 times increase of the electrical conductivity of γ-ray reduced graphene oxide from 0.05 S cm−1 to as high as 23 S cm−1. A significant increase of the contact angle of the γ-ray reduced graphene oxide bucky-papers and weakened oxygen rich groups characteristic peaks across the Fourier transform infrared spectra further illustrate the efficacy of the γ-ray reduction process. A mechanism correlating the interaction between hydrogen radicals formed upon γ-ray irradiation of hydrogen gas and the oxygen rich groups on the surface of the graphene oxide bucky-papers is proposed, in order to contribute to the synthesis of reduced graphene materials through solution-free chemistry routes. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.en_AU
dc.identifier.citationDumée, L. F., Feng, C., He, L., Allioux, F.-M., Yi, Z., Gao, W., Banos, C., Davies, J. B., & Kong, L. (2014). Tuning the grade of graphene: gamma ray irradiation of free-standing graphene oxide films in gaseous phase. Applied Surface Science, 322, 126-135. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.070en_AU
dc.identifier.govdoc8745en_AU
dc.identifier.issn0169-4332en_AU
dc.identifier.journaltitleApplied Surface Scienceen_AU
dc.identifier.pagination126-135en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.070en_AU
dc.identifier.urihttp://apo.ansto.gov.au/dspace/handle/10238/9308en_AU
dc.identifier.volume322en_AU
dc.language.isoenen_AU
dc.publisherElsevier V.V.en_AU
dc.subjectRadiation chemistryen_AU
dc.subjectIrradiationen_AU
dc.subjectGrapheneen_AU
dc.subjectOxidesen_AU
dc.subjectSurface propertiesen_AU
dc.subjectPorous materialsen_AU
dc.subjectFiltrationen_AU
dc.titleTuning the grade of graphene: gamma ray irradiation of free-standing graphene oxide films in gaseous phaseen_AU
dc.typeJournal Articleen_AU
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