ANSTO Publications Online

Welcome to the ANSTO Institutional Repository known as APO.

The APO database has been migrated to version 7.5. The functionality has changed, but the content remains the same.

ANSTO Publications Online is a digital repository for publications authored by ANSTO staff since 2007. The Repository also contains ANSTO Publications, such as Reports and Promotional Material. ANSTO publications prior to 2007 continue to be added progressively as they are in identified in the library. ANSTO authors can be identified under a single point of entry within the database. The citation is as it appears on the item, even with incorrect spelling, which is marked by (sic) or with additional notes in the description field.

If items are only held in hardcopy in the ANSTO Library collection notes are being added to the item to identify the Dewey Call number: as DDC followed by the number.

APO will be integrated with the Research Information System which is currently being implemented at ANSTO. The flow on effect will be permission to publish, which should allow pre-prints and post prints to be added where content is locked behind a paywall. To determine which version can be added to APO authors should check Sherpa Romeo. ANSTO research is increasingly being published in open access due mainly to the Council of Australian University Librarians read and publish agreements, and some direct publisher agreements with our organisation. In addition, open access items are also facilitated through collaboration and open access agreements with overseas authors such as Plan S.

ANSTO authors are encouraged to use a CC-BY licence when publishing open access. Statistics have been returned to the database and are now visible to users to show item usage and where this usage is coming from.

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Carborane compounds for neutron capture therapy of malignant melanoma
(Plenum Press, 1992) Wilson, JG
The possibility of using thiouracil as a vehicle for stable nuclei such as 10B for neutron capture therapy (NCT) of melanoma was first discussed by Fairchild and co-workers in 1982. The author's research has been directed towards the design and synthesis of a number of o-carboranyl-thiouracils, the ten boron atoms of the carborane cage having a clear advantage for NCT. The first step was the preparation, previously reported, of thiouracils bearing an alkyl group continuing a triple bond for later elaboration to a carborane. The present paper describes the continuation of this work with the preparation of the carboranes of this series and its extension to the synthesis of a thiouracil in which a carboranylalkyl group is attached to the nitrogen in the 3-position. © Plenum Press.
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157Gd-neutron capture: potential of 157Gd-labelled DNA ligands for neutron capture therapy
(Plenum Press, 1992) Martin, RF; Haigh, A; Monger, C; Pardee, M; Whittaker, AD; Kelly, DP; Allen, BJ
The classical feature of BNCT is the limited range of the fission products of the 10B-NC reaction. Although there are other nuclides with higher thermal neutron capture cross sections than that of 10B, these have been considered of limited value for NCT because they are all n, gamma reactions. However, 157Gd, which has the highest thermal neutron capture cross section (250,000 barns) has been reevaluated in recent years 1,2. We have been particularly interested in the possibility of exploiting the internal conversion and consequent Auger electron emission associated with the n-gamma reaction. Experiments with 157Gd3+ and plasmid DNA demonstrated that DNA-associated 157Gd-NC induces DNA double-strand breaks1. DNA-breakage was reduced by sequestering the Gd3+ from DNA by addition of EDTA, reflecting the limited range of Auger electrons, which is well-established3 from experiments with Auger-emitting isotopes such as 125I. These results demonstrate the potential of 157Gd-DNA ligands for NCT, by analogy with the radiobiological effectiveness of 125I decay in DNA3. © Plenum Press
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Local control of murine melanoma xenografts in nude mice by neutron capture therapy
(Plenum Press, 1992) Allen, BJ; Corderoy-Buck, S; Moore, DE; Mishima, Y; Ichihashi, M
In recent years considerable progress has been made in the development and implementation of neutron capture therapy (NCT) for the treatment of cancer. In particular, the boron analogue of the melanin precursor phenylalanine, i.e., DL-p-boronophenylalanine (BPA), has been used to demonstrate the regression and cure of Harding-Passey (HP) melanoma in syngeneic mice. However, 18 to 25% cures were obtained for neutron irradiations without boron, suggesting that the neutron dose alone plays an important role. Neutron capture therapy of B-16 melanoma xenografts in nude mice showed substantial tumor regression over 35 days, but the survival rate of NCT treated mice after 7 weeks was only 40-60%. In this paper the authors demonstrate the equivalence of the nude mouse model with a syngeneic model, using the same Harding-Passey murine melanoma line, and delineate the conditions required for maximum differential response between neutron irradiation with and without BPA administration, with complete local control as the end point. © Plenum Press
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Inter-aquifer leakage and groundwater flow infered from isotopes and noble gases
(University of New South Wales and Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, 2015-07-08) Priestley, SC; Love, AJ; Wohling, D; Post, VEA; Shand, P; Kipfer, R; Payne, TE
Informed aquifer management decisions regarding sustainable yields or potential exploitation require an understanding of the groundwater system (Alley et al 2002, Cherry and Parker 2004). Recently, the increase in coal seam gas (CSG) or shale gas production has provided further interest in inter-aquifer leakage and contaminant migration. In most groundwater systems, the quantity or location of inter-aquifer leakage is unknown. Not taking into account leakage rates in the analysis of large scale flow systems can lead to significant errors in the estimates of groundwater flow rates in aquifers (Love et al., 1 993, Toth 2009). There are very few robust methods that are available to investigate inter-aquifer leakage on a regional scale. This preliminary study investigated inter-aquifer leakage in an arid-zone, regional-scale, sedimentary groundwater system using environmental tracers, including isotopes and noble gases. Environmental tracers are used in conjunction with more traditional analysis of hydraulic head and geological data to determine groundwater flow paths, areas of groundwater mixing, and to characterise and quantify inter-aquifer leakage. The suite of environmental tracers and isotopes used includes the isotopes of water, radiocarbon, chloride-36, uranium isotopes and noble gases from both groundwater and aquitard pore water.
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Ultrastructural changes in tumour cells following boron neutron capture therapy
(Plenum Press, 1992) Barkla, DH; Brown, JK; Meriaty, H; Allen, BJ
In a previous study we reported on morphological changes in two human melanoma cell lines treated with 10B-phenylalanine(BPA) and Boron Neutron Capture Therapy(BNCT)1. The present study describes morphological changes in melanoma and glioma cell lines treated with boron-tetraphenyl porphyrin(BTPP) and BNCT. Porphyrin compounds are selectively taken up by tumour cells and have been used clinically in phototherapy treatment of cancer patients2. Boronated porphyrins show good potential as therapeutic agents in BNCT treatment of human cancer patients and the structure of these compounds is described in detail elsewhere in this monograph. © Plenum Press